Large animal 1 Flashcards
Large animal radiographs equipment
-mostly portable machine
-patient standing so workers are close to xray exposure= x ray tube operator, cassette holder, restrainer
-if possible use cassette holder device (reduce collimation and never place hands in primary beam)
Radiographic markers
Placed dorsal/cranial aspect or lateral aspect
radiographic markers for hindlimb vs forelimb
Place H or F
Potential Views of the hoof
Foot preparation
Pack the hoof = allows you to see more of the bone because it releases the gas that is trapped in the sulci in the frog
Standard views of a horse foot
Lateromedial view of foot
Place foot on wood block
-bottom of cassette lower than sole
-horizontal beam centered at P3
Dorsopalmar/plantar (DP)
-feet on wood block, bottom of cassette lower than sole
-horizontal beam centered between the coronary border and ground
Dorso-65degree-proximal palmaro/plantaro-distal (D65-P-PaD)
-tunnel containing the cassette
-foot on top of the tunnel
-xray beam angled 65 degrees relative to the tunnel
-beam centered on coronary band
-some distortion
Crena solearis
Variations occur
Palmaroproximal-palmarodistal (navicular skyline)
-foot as caudal as possible, on cassette tunnel
-xray machine ventral to thorax
-beam angled 45-70 degrees between heel bulbs
Standard radiograph views of fetlock
Lateromedial and flexed lateromedial fetlock
-x ray beam centered at MCP/MTP joint parallel with ground
-flexed= need to agulate the leg medially or laterally when holding up
Dorsopalmar/plantar fetlock
-amount of dorsal elevation varies slightly depending on the angle of the pastern
-angle of pastern can be used to determine the amount of dorsal elevation
-place the plate parallel to the angle of the pastern and direct the beam perpendicular to the plate
Dorsolateral (medial) - palmaro/plantaromedial (lateral) fetlock
Standard views of carpus radiographs
Dorsopalmar (DP) carpus
-cassette vertical
-x ray beam perpendicular to the cassette
-centered at the middle carpal joint or joint of interest
Lateromedial (LM) carpus
-cassette vertical
-x ray beam perpendicular to the cassette
-joints slope distally towards the lateral/medial = slight angle up or down
Flexed LM carpus
-used to isolate some overlying carpal bones
-do not rotate limb
Dorsolateral-palmaromedial carpus
Dorsomedial-palmarolateral carpus
Carpal skyline views (dorsoproximal-dorsodistal)
