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🌎 Geo 🌎 > Languages > Flashcards

Languages Flashcards

1
Q

Afghanistan

A

Dari (Afghan Persian) and Pashto

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2
Q

Albania

A

Albanian: Tosk (main, south) Gheg (north) many Albanians speak Italian, Greek, French, German, English

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3
Q

Algeria

A

72% Algerian Arabic, 27.4% Berber (Spoken in Algeria, Morocco, Libya) French, though it has no official status, is widely used in government, culture, media, and education (from primary school), due to Algeria’s colonial history.

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4
Q

Andorra

A

Catalán (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese

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5
Q

Angola

A

Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages

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6
Q

Antigua and Barbuda

A

English (official), local dialects

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7
Q

Argentina

A

Spanish (official), English, Italian, German, French

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8
Q

Armenia

A

Armenian 98%, Yezidi, Russian

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9
Q

Australia

A

English 79%, native and other languages

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10
Q

Austria

A

German (official nationwide); Slovene, Croatian, Hungarian (each official in one region)

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11
Q

Azerbaijan

A

Azerbaijani Turkic 89%, Russian 3%, Armenian 2%, other 6% (1995 est.)

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12
Q

Bahamas

A

English (official), Creole (among Haitian immigrants)

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13
Q

Bahrain

A

Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu

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14
Q

Bangladesh

A

Bangla (official), English

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15
Q

Barbados

A

English

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16
Q

Belarus

A

Belorussian (White Russian), Russian, other

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17
Q

Belgium

A

Dutch (Flemish) 60%, French 40%, German less than 1% (all official)

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18
Q

Belize

A

English (official), Spanish, Mayan, Garifuna (Carib), Creole

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19
Q

Benin

A

French (official), Fon, Yoruba, tribal languages

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20
Q

Bhutan

A

Dzongkha (official), Tibetan dialects (among Bhotes), Nepalese dialects (among Nepalese)

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21
Q

Bolivia

A

Spanish, Quechua, Aymara (all official)

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22
Q

Bosnia and Herzegovina

A

Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian

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23
Q

Botswana

A

English 2% (official), Setswana 78%, Kalanga 8%, Sekgalagadi 3%, other (2001)

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24
Q

Brazil

A

Portuguese (official), Spanish, English, French

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25
Q

Brunei

A

Malay (official), English, Chinese

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26
Q

Bulgaria

A

Bulgarian 85%, Turkish 10%, Roma 4%

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27
Q

Burkina Faso

A

French (official); native African (Sudanic) languages 90%

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28
Q

Burundi

A

Kirundi and French (official), Swahili

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29
Q

Cambodia

A

Khmer 95% (official), French, English

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30
Q

Cameroon

A

French, English (both official); 24 major African language groups

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31
Q

Canada

A

English 59.3%, French 23.2% (both official); other 17.5%

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32
Q

Cape Verde

A

Portuguese, Criuolo

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33
Q

Central African Republic

A

French (official), Sangho (lingua franca, national), tribal languages

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34
Q

Chad

A

French, Arabic (both official); Sara; more than 120 languages and dialects

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35
Q

Chile

A

Spanish

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36
Q

China

A

Standard Chinese (Mandarin/Putonghua), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages

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37
Q

Colombia

A

Spanish

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38
Q

Comoros

A

Arabic and French (both official), Shikomoro (Swahili/Arabic blend)

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39
Q

Congo, Democratic Republic of the

A

French (official), Lingala, Kingwana, Kikongo, Tshiluba

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40
Q

Congo, Republic of

A

French (official), Lingala, Monokutuba, Kikongo, many local languages and dialects

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41
Q

Costa Rica

A

Spanish (official), English

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42
Q

Côte d’Ivoire

A

French (official) and African languages (Dioula esp.)

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43
Q

Croatia

A

Croatian 96% (official), other 4% (including Italian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, German)

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44
Q

Cuba

A

Spanish

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45
Q

Cyprus

A

Greek, Turkish (both official); English

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46
Q

Czech Republic

A

Czech

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47
Q

Denmark

A

Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (Inuit dialect), German; English is the predominant second language

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48
Q

Djibouti

A

French and Arabic (both official), Somali, Afar

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49
Q

Dominica

A

English (official) and French patois

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50
Q

Dominican Republic

A

Spanish

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51
Q

East Timor

A

Tetum, Portuguese (official); Bahasa Indonesia, English; other indigenous languages, including Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak

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52
Q

Ecuador

A

Spanish (official), Quechua, other Amerindian languages

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53
Q

Egypt

A

Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by educated classes

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54
Q

El Salvador

A

Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians)

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55
Q

Equatorial Guinea

A

Spanish, French (both official); pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo

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56
Q

Eritrea

A

Afar, Arabic, Tigre and Kunama, Tigrinya, other Cushitic languages

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57
Q

Estonia

A

Estonian 67% (official), Russian 30%, other (2000)

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58
Q

Ethiopia

A

Amharic, Tigrigna, Orominga, Guaragigna, Somali, Arabic, English, over 70 others

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59
Q

Fiji

A

English (official), Fijian, Hindustani

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60
Q

Finland

A

Finnish 92%, Swedish 6% (both official); small Sami- (Lapp) and Russian-speaking minorities

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61
Q

France

A

French 100%, rapidly declining regional dialects (Provençal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish)

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62
Q

Gabon

A

French (official), Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi

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63
Q

Gambia

A

English (official), Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, other indigenous

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64
Q

Georgia

A

Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azerbaijani 6%, other 7% (Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia)

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65
Q

Germany

A

German

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66
Q

Ghana

A

English (official), African languages (including Akan, Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe, and Ga)

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67
Q

Greece

A

Greek 99% (official), English, French

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68
Q

Grenada

A

English (official), French patois

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69
Q

Guatemala

A

Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)

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70
Q

Guinea

A

French (official), native tongues (Malinké, Susu, Fulani)

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71
Q

Guinea-Bissau

A

Portuguese (official), Criolo, African languages

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72
Q

Guyana

A

English (official), Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu

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73
Q

Haiti

A

Creole and French (both official)

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74
Q

Honduras

A

Spanish (official), Amerindian dialects; English widely spoken in business

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75
Q

Hungary

A

Magyar (Hungarian) 94%, other 6%

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76
Q

Iceland

A

Icelandic, English, Nordic languages, German widely spoken

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77
Q

India

A

Hindi 30%, English, Bengali, Gujarati, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Kannada, Assamese, Sanskrit, Sindhi (all official); Hindi/Urdu; 1,600+ dialects

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78
Q

Indonesia

A

Bahasa Indonesia (official), English, Dutch, Javanese, and more than 580 other languages and dialects

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79
Q

Iran

A

Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2%

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80
Q

Iraq

A

Arabic (official), Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Assyrian, Armenian

81
Q

Ireland

A

English, Irish (Gaelic) (both official)

82
Q

Israel

A

Hebrew (official), Arabic, English

83
Q

Italy

A

Italian (official); German-, French-, and Slovene-speaking minorities

84
Q

Jamaica

A

English, Jamaican Creole

85
Q

Japan

A

Japanese

86
Q

Jordan

A

Arabic (official), English

87
Q

Kazakhstan

A

Kazak (Qazaq, state language) 64%; Russian (official, used in everyday business) 95% (2001 est.)

88
Q

Kenya

A

English (official), Swahili (national), and numerous indigenous languages

89
Q

Kiribati

A

English (official), I-Kiribati (Gilbertese)

90
Q

Korea, North

A

Korean

91
Q

Korea, South

A

Korean, English widely taught

92
Q

Kosovo

A

Albanian (official), Serbian (official), Bosnian, Turkish, Roma

93
Q

Kuwait

A

Arabic (official), English

94
Q

Kyrgyzstan

A

Kyrgyz, Russian (both official)

95
Q

Laos

A

Lao (official), French, English, various ethnic languages

96
Q

Latvia

A

Latvian 58% (official), Russian 38%, Lithuanian, other (2000)

97
Q

Lebanon

A

Arabic (official), French, English, Armenian

98
Q

Lesotho

A

English, Sesotho (both official); Zulu, Xhosa

99
Q

Liberia

A

English 20% (official), some 20 ethnic-group languages

100
Q

Libya

A

Arabic, Italian, and English widely understood in major cities

101
Q

Liechtenstein

A

German (official), Alemannic dialect

102
Q

Lithuania

A

Lithuanian 82% (official), Russian 8%, Polish 6% (2001)

103
Q

Luxembourg

A

Luxermbourgish (national) French, German (both administrative)

104
Q

Macedonia

A

Macedonian 67%, Albanian 25% (both official); Turkish 4%, Roma 2%, Serbian 1% (2002)

105
Q

Madagascar

A

Malagasy and French (both official)

106
Q

Malawi

A

Chichewa 57.2% (official), Chinyanja 12.8%, Chiyao 10.1%, Chitumbuka 9.5%, Chisena 2.7%, Chilomwe 2.4%, Chitonga 1.7%, other 3.6% (1998)

107
Q

Malaysia

A

Bahasa Melayu (Malay, official), English, Chinese dialects (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai; several indigenous languages (including Iban, Kadazan) in East Malaysia

108
Q

Maldives

A

Maldivian Dhivehi (official); English spoken by most government officials

109
Q

Mali

A

French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages

110
Q

Malta

A

Maltese and English (both official)

111
Q

Marshall Islands

A

Marshallese 98% (two major dialects from the Malayo-Polynesian family), English widely spoken as a second language (both official); Japanese

112
Q

Mauritania

A

Hassaniya Arabic (official), Pulaar, Soninke, French, Wolof

113
Q

Mauritius

A

English less than 1% (official), Creole 81%, Bojpoori 12%, French 3% (2000)

114
Q

Mexico

A

Spanish, various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional indigenous languages

115
Q

Micronesia

A

English (official, common), Chukese, Pohnpeian, Yapase, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi

116
Q

Moldova

A

Moldovan (official; virtually the same as Romanian), Russian, Gagauz (a Turkish dialect)

117
Q

Monaco

A

French (official), English, Italian, Monégasque

118
Q

Mongolia

A

Mongolian, 90%; also Turkic and Russian (1999)

119
Q

Montenegro

A

Serbian/Montenegrin (Ijekavian dialect—official)

120
Q

Morocco

A

Arabic (official), Berber dialects, French often used for business, government, and diplomacy

121
Q

Mozambique

A

Portuguese 9% (official; second language of 27%), Emakhuwa 26%, Xichangana 11%, Elomwe 8%, Cisena 7%, Echuwabo 6%, other Mozambican languages 32% (1997)

122
Q

Myanmar

A

Burmese, minority languages

123
Q

Namibia

A

English 7% (official), Afrikaans is common language of most of the population and of about 60% of the white population, German 32%; indigenous languages: Oshivambo, Herero, Nama

124
Q

Nauru

A

Nauruan (official), English

125
Q

Nepal

A

Nepali 48% (official), Maithali 12%, Bhojpuri 7%, Tharu 6%, Tamang 5%, others. English spoken by many in government and business (2001)

126
Q

Netherlands

A

Dutch, Frisian (both official)

127
Q

New Zealand

A

English, Maori (both official)

128
Q

Nicaragua

A

Spanish 98% (official); English and indigenous languages on Atlantic coast (1995)

129
Q

Niger

A

French (official), Hausa, Djerma

130
Q

Nigeria

A

English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, Fulani, and more than 200 others

131
Q

Norway

A

Bokmål Norwegian, Nynorsk Norwegian (both official); small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities (Sami is official in six municipalities)

132
Q

Oman

A

Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects

133
Q

Pakistan

A

Urdu 8%, English (both official); Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, Burushaski, and others 8%

134
Q

Palau

A

Palauan 64.7%, English 9.4%, Sonsoralese, Tobi, Angaur (each official on some islands), Filipino 13.5%, Chinese 5.7%, Carolinian 1.5%, Japanese 1.5%, other Asian 2.3%, other languages 1.5% (2000)

135
Q

Palestinian State (proposed)

A

Arabic, Hebrew, English

136
Q

Panama

A

Spanish (official), English 14%, many bilingual

137
Q

Papua New Guinea

A

Tok Pisin (Melanesian Pidgin, the lingua franca), Hiri Motu (in Papua region), English 1%–2%; 715 indigenous languages

138
Q

Paraguay

A

Spanish, Guaraní (both official)

139
Q

Peru

A

Spanish, Quéchua (both official); Aymara; many minor Amazonian languages

140
Q

Philippines

A

Filipino (based on Tagalog), English (both official); eight major dialects: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinense

141
Q

Poland

A

Polish 98% (2002)

142
Q

Portugal

A

Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)

143
Q

Qatar

A

Arabic (official); English a common second language

144
Q

Romania

A

Romanian (official), Hungarian, German

145
Q

Russia

A

Russian, others

146
Q

Rwanda

A

Kinyarwanda, French, and English (all official); Kiswahili in commercial centers

147
Q

St. Kitts and Nevis

A

English

148
Q

St. Lucia

A

English (official), French patois

149
Q

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

A

English, French patois

150
Q

Samoa

A

Samoan, English

151
Q

San Marino

A

Italian

152
Q

São Tomé and Príncipe

A

Portuguese (official)

153
Q

Saudi Arabia

A

Arabic

154
Q

Senegal

A

French (official); Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka

155
Q

Serbia

A

Serbian (official); Romanian, Hungarian, Slovak, and Croatian (all official in Vojvodina); Albanian (official in Kosovo)

156
Q

Seychelles

A

Seselwa Creole 92%, English 5%, French (all official) (2002)

157
Q

Sierra Leone

A

English (official), Mende (southern vernacular), Temne (northern vernacular), Krio (lingua franca)

158
Q

Singapore

A

Mandarin 35%, English 23%, Malay 14.1%, Hokkien 11.4%, Cantonese 5.7%, Teochew 4.9%, Tamil 3.2%, other Chinese dialects 1.8%, other 0.9% (2000)

159
Q

Slovakia

A

Slovak 84% (official), Hungarian 11%, Roma 2%, Ukrainian 1% (2001)

160
Q

Slovenia

A

Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 5% (2002)

161
Q

Solomon Islands

A

English 1%–2% (official), Melanesian pidgin (lingua franca), 120 indigenous languages

162
Q

Somalia

A

Somali (official), Arabic, English, Italian

163
Q

South Africa

A

IsiZulu 23.8%, IsiXhosa 17.6%, Afrikaans 13.3%, Sepedi 9.4%, English 8.2%, Setswana 8.2%, Sesotho 7.9%, Xitsonga 4.4%, other 7.2%

164
Q

South Sudan

A

English (official), Arabic (includes Juba and Sudanese variants) (official), regional languages include Dinka, Nuer, Bari, Zande, Shilluk

165
Q

Spain

A

Castilian Spanish 74% (official nationwide); Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2% (each official regionally)

166
Q

Sri Lanka

A

Sinhala 74% (official and national), Tamil 18% (national), other 8%; English is commonly used in government and spoken competently by about 10%

167
Q

Sudan

A

Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English

168
Q

Suriname

A

Dutch (official), Surinamese (lingua franca), English widely spoken, Hindustani, Javanese

169
Q

Swaziland

A

English, siSwati (both official)

170
Q

Sweden

A

Swedish, small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities

171
Q

Switzerland

A

German 64%, French 20%, Italian 7% (all official); Romansch 0.5% (national)

172
Q

Syria

A

Arabic (official); Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian widely understood; French, English somewhat understood

173
Q

Taiwan

A

Chinese (Mandarin, official), Taiwanese (Min), Hakka dialects

174
Q

Tajikistan

A

Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business

175
Q

Tanzania

A

Swahili, English (both official); Arabic; many local languages

176
Q

Thailand

A

Thai (Siamese), English (secondary language of the elite), ethnic and regional dialects

177
Q

Togo

A

French (official, commerce); Ewé, Mina (south); Kabyé, Dagomba (north); and many dialects

178
Q

Tonga

A

Tongan (an Austronesian language), English

179
Q

Trinidad and Tobago

A

English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish, Chinese

180
Q

Tunisia

A

Arabic (official, commerce), French (commerce)

181
Q

Turkey

A

Turkish (official), Kurdish, Dimli, Azeri, Kabardian

182
Q

Turkmenistan

A

Turkmen 72%; Russian 12%; Uzbek 9%, other 7%

183
Q

Tuvalu

A

Tuvaluan, English, Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui)

184
Q

Uganda

A

English (official), Ganda or Luganda, other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic

185
Q

Ukraine

A

Ukrainian 67%, Russian 24%, Romanian, Polish, Hungarian

186
Q

United Arab Emirates

A

Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu

187
Q

United Kingdom

A

English, Welsh, Scots Gaelic

188
Q

United States

A

English 82%, Spanish 11% (2000)

189
Q

Uruguay

A

Spanish, Portunol, or Brazilero

190
Q

Uzbekistan

A

Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1%

191
Q

Vanuatu

A

Bislama 23% (a Melanesian pidgin English), English 2%, French 1% (all 3 official); more than 100 local languages 73%

192
Q

Vatican City (Holy See)

A

Italian, Latin, French, various other languages

193
Q

Venezuela

A

Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects

194
Q

Vietnam

A

Vietnamese (official); English (increasingly favored as a second language); some French, Chinese, Khmer; mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)

195
Q

Western Sahara (proposed state)

A

Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic

196
Q

Yemen

A

Arabic

197
Q

Zambia

A

English (official); major vernaculars: Bemba, Kaonda, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga; about 70 other indigenous languages

198
Q

Zimbabwe

A

English (official), Shona, Ndebele (Sindebele), numerous minor tribal dialects

🌎 Geo 🌎 (10 decks)

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