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English Terminology > Language Terminilogy > Flashcards

Language Terminilogy Flashcards

1
Q

Noun

A

A noun is a ‘naming’ word: a word used for naming an animal, a person, a place or a thing.

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2
Q

Proper noun

A

This is a noun used to name particular people and places: Jim, London…- and some ‘times’: Monday, April, Easter.. It always begins in a capital

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3
Q

Common noun

A

A common noun is a noun that is used to name everyday things: cars, trees…- and kinds of people: Man, Child

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4
Q

Collective Noun

A

This is a noun that describes a group or collection of people or things: army, bunch, swarm

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5
Q

Abstract noun

A

An abstract noun describes things that cannot actually be seen, heard, smelt, felt or tasted: sleep, honesty, power.

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6
Q

Adjective

A

An adjective is a ‘describing’ word: it is a word used to describe (or tell you more about) a noun. E.g. A BLACK jacket.
An adjective usually comes before a noun but sometimes it can be separated from its noun and come afterwards e.g. The dog was FIERCE.

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7
Q

Verb

A

A verb is a word, or a group of words, describing an action. A doing word.

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8
Q

Modal verb

A

Express uncertainty or possibility: could, must, will

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9
Q

Adverb

A

An adverb describes a verb. It nearly always answers, How?When? Where? Or Why?: slowly walking

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10
Q

Pronoun

A

Replaces a noun to avoid repeating them.

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11
Q

Singular pronouns

A

Used to refer to one person or thing: he, yours, his

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12
Q

Collective/ inclusive pronouns

A

Plural pronouns are used to refer to more than one person or thing: we, us, ours

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13
Q

Prepositions

A

Prepositions are words which show the relationship of one thing to another: over, in, past, below.

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14
Q

Conjunctions

A

Conjunctions join together words, phrases, clauses and sentences. They help us to create compound sentences by joining two main clauses together: and, nor, however.

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15
Q

Subordinating conjunctions

A

Subordinating connectives link a main clause with a subordinate clause: we were hungry BECAUSE we hadn’t eaten.

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16
Q

Article

A

An article is always used with and gives some information about a noun, there are three articles: a, an and the: the chair, a chair, an elephant.

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17
Q

Emotive language

A

Words and phrases that carry strong emotions or provoke an emotional response.

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18
Q

Hyperbole

A

Exaggeration to emphasise a point

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19
Q

Repetition

A

Repeating words or phrases to emphasise a point

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20
Q

Oxymoron/oxymoronic

A

An oxymoron is where two words that are directly opposite are put together. Oxymoronic is when the meanings of the words not the words the self are opposite.

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21
Q

Triplet and incremental.

A

A triplet is a list of three. Incrementum is where the list builds up in importance/severity.

22
Q

Contrasts and juxtaposition

A

A contrast is where two opposites are used by a writer together for effect,p. Juxtaposition is where two contrasting ideas are placed close together with contrasting effect.

23
Q

Figurative Language

A

Figurative language is language that uses words or expressions that don’t have a literal meaning: metaphors, similes are personification are examples of this.

24
Q

Metaphor

A

Metaphor refers to something as if it actually is something else

25
Q

Simile

A

A simile compares something to something else. They usually use ‘like’ or ‘as’ to show comparison.

26
Q

Personification

A

This involves giving non-human objects human characteristics.

27
Q

Register

A

Register to refers to the formality of a text, whether it is formal or informal.

28
Q

Colloquial language/ Colloquialisms

A

Language which is common in speech but it in formal written English.

29
Q

Slang

A

Informal language: ace instead of awesome.

30
Q

Semantic field

A

When a text has a topic or subject that a group of words relate to.

31
Q

Topic sentence and topic development.

A

Usually, a paragraph opens with a topic sentence, which introduces the subject of a sentence. The rest of the sentences in the paragraph then go on to develop and topic.

32
Q

Ellipses

A

An ellipses refers to words, which have been missed out of a sent a cross or text. The punctuation mark… Is sometimes use to show omission of words.

33
Q

Opening sentence

A

The first sentence of the text

34
Q

Sequence through a passage

A

How the writer has ordered events or details throughout the text

35
Q

Introductions and developments

A

A writer might choose to introduce and develop a character in a certain way

36
Q

Summaries and conclusions

A

A writer might summarise events or details or use a conclusion to draw together the main ideas

37
Q

Chronology

A

Chronology relates to ordering in time. Non-linear means that events have not been ordered in a time line.

38
Q

Digressions

A

A digression is a deviation away from the main events or sequence

39
Q

Narrative perspective

A

This refers to the voice of the narrator. An omniscient narrator is one who is ‘all seeing’. Focalisation is where a third person narrator sees events through a characters thoughts.

40
Q

Spotlight on character

A

How the writer has bought the character to life

41
Q

Shift of focus

A

When the writer changes topic, setting or character.

42
Q

Narrowing and widening focuses

A

A focus can become smaller or larger where a writer zooms in and out or moves from the big picture to specific details.

43
Q

Connections and links across paragraphs

A

A writer will signpost movements and developments through the text using discourse markers.

44
Q

Reiteration/ repetition

A

Writer has repeated an idea or point

45
Q

Topic sentences and internal cohesion

A

A topic sentence introduces a point and internal cohesion is how a point is developed in a section or paragraph.

46
Q

Spatial shift

A

A change in place or setting

47
Q

Setting

A

A setting can change for dramatic effect or can reflect the mood/atmosphere

48
Q

Motif

A

A motif is a recurring idea or theme

49
Q

Threads

A

A thread is a strand that keeps coming up. It tends to be more specific than a general theme.

50
Q

Foreshadowing/ Retrospect

A

Theirs is where earlier events provide a clue or indication of future events. Retrospect is about looking back.

English Terminology (4 decks)

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