Language Terminilogy

Question 1

Noun

Answer 1

A noun is a ‘naming’ word: a word used for naming an animal, a person, a place or a thing.

Question 2

Proper noun

Answer 2

This is a noun used to name particular people and places: Jim, London…- and some ‘times’: Monday, April, Easter.. It always begins in a capital

Question 3

Common noun

Answer 3

A common noun is a noun that is used to name everyday things: cars, trees…- and kinds of people: Man, Child

Question 4

Collective Noun

Answer 4

This is a noun that describes a group or collection of people or things: army, bunch, swarm

Question 5

Abstract noun

Answer 5

An abstract noun describes things that cannot actually be seen, heard, smelt, felt or tasted: sleep, honesty, power.

Question 6

Adjective

Answer 6

An adjective is a ‘describing’ word: it is a word used to describe (or tell you more about) a noun. E.g. A BLACK jacket.
An adjective usually comes before a noun but sometimes it can be separated from its noun and come afterwards e.g. The dog was FIERCE.

Question 7

Verb

Answer 7

A verb is a word, or a group of words, describing an action. A doing word.

Question 8

Modal verb

Answer 8

Express uncertainty or possibility: could, must, will

Question 9

Adverb

Answer 9

An adverb describes a verb. It nearly always answers, How?When? Where? Or Why?: slowly walking

Question 10

Pronoun

Answer 10

Replaces a noun to avoid repeating them.

Question 11

Singular pronouns

Answer 11

Used to refer to one person or thing: he, yours, his

Question 12

Collective/ inclusive pronouns

Answer 12

Plural pronouns are used to refer to more than one person or thing: we, us, ours

Question 13

Prepositions

Answer 13

Prepositions are words which show the relationship of one thing to another: over, in, past, below.

Question 14

Conjunctions

Answer 14

Conjunctions join together words, phrases, clauses and sentences. They help us to create compound sentences by joining two main clauses together: and, nor, however.

Question 15

Subordinating conjunctions

Answer 15

Subordinating connectives link a main clause with a subordinate clause: we were hungry BECAUSE we hadn’t eaten.

Question 16

Article

Answer 16

An article is always used with and gives some information about a noun, there are three articles: a, an and the: the chair, a chair, an elephant.

Question 17

Emotive language

Answer 17

Words and phrases that carry strong emotions or provoke an emotional response.

Question 18

Hyperbole

Answer 18

Exaggeration to emphasise a point

Question 19

Repetition

Answer 19

Repeating words or phrases to emphasise a point

Question 20

Oxymoron/oxymoronic

Answer 20

An oxymoron is where two words that are directly opposite are put together. Oxymoronic is when the meanings of the words not the words the self are opposite.

Question 21

Triplet and incremental.

Answer 21

A triplet is a list of three. Incrementum is where the list builds up in importance/severity.

Question 22

Contrasts and juxtaposition

Answer 22

A contrast is where two opposites are used by a writer together for effect,p. Juxtaposition is where two contrasting ideas are placed close together with contrasting effect.

Question 23

Figurative Language

Answer 23

Figurative language is language that uses words or expressions that don’t have a literal meaning: metaphors, similes are personification are examples of this.

Question 24

Metaphor

Answer 24

Metaphor refers to something as if it actually is something else

Question 25

Simile

Answer 25

A simile compares something to something else. They usually use 'like' or 'as' to show comparison.

Question 26

Personification

Answer 26

This involves giving non-human objects human characteristics.

Question 27

Register

Answer 27

Register to refers to the formality of a text, whether it is formal or informal.

Question 28

Colloquial language/ Colloquialisms

Answer 28

Language which is common in speech but it in formal written English.

Question 29

Slang

Answer 29

Informal language: ace instead of awesome.

Question 30

Semantic field

Answer 30

When a text has a topic or subject that a group of words relate to.

Question 31

Topic sentence and topic development.

Answer 31

Usually, a paragraph opens with a topic sentence, which introduces the subject of a sentence. The rest of the sentences in the paragraph then go on to develop and topic.

Question 32

Ellipses

Answer 32

An ellipses refers to words, which have been missed out of a sent a cross or text. The punctuation mark... Is sometimes use to show omission of words.

Question 33

Opening sentence

Answer 33

The first sentence of the text

Question 34

Sequence through a passage

Answer 34

How the writer has ordered events or details throughout the text

Question 35

Introductions and developments

Answer 35

A writer might choose to introduce and develop a character in a certain way

Question 36

Summaries and conclusions

Answer 36

A writer might summarise events or details or use a conclusion to draw together the main ideas

Question 37

Chronology

Answer 37

Chronology relates to ordering in time. Non-linear means that events have not been ordered in a time line.

Question 38

Digressions

Answer 38

A digression is a deviation away from the main events or sequence

Question 39

Narrative perspective

Answer 39

This refers to the voice of the narrator. An omniscient narrator is one who is 'all seeing'. Focalisation is where a third person narrator sees events through a characters thoughts.

Question 40

Spotlight on character

Answer 40

How the writer has bought the character to life

Question 41

Shift of focus

Answer 41

When the writer changes topic, setting or character.

Question 42

Narrowing and widening focuses

Answer 42

A focus can become smaller or larger where a writer zooms in and out or moves from the big picture to specific details.

Question 43

Connections and links across paragraphs

Answer 43

A writer will signpost movements and developments through the text using discourse markers.

Question 44

Reiteration/ repetition

Answer 44

Writer has repeated an idea or point

Question 45

Topic sentences and internal cohesion

Answer 45

A topic sentence introduces a point and internal cohesion is how a point is developed in a section or paragraph.

Question 46

Spatial shift

Answer 46

A change in place or setting

Question 47

Setting

Answer 47

A setting can change for dramatic effect or can reflect the mood/atmosphere

Question 48

Motif

Answer 48

A motif is a recurring idea or theme

Question 49

Threads

Answer 49

A thread is a strand that keeps coming up. It tends to be more specific than a general theme.

Question 50

Foreshadowing/ Retrospect

Answer 50

Theirs is where earlier events provide a clue or indication of future events. Retrospect is about looking back.