Language - region -accent and dialect Flashcards
Accomodation theory
Giles- we change our speech style according to who we are speaking to.
Divergence- changing our speech to move away from other speakerI INCREASING SOCIAL DISTANCE (due to dislike)
Convergence- changing our speech style to move closer to other speaker REDUCING SOCIAL DISTANCE (build a relationship)
Howard Giles(1970)
How far speakers due to individual accent or character
Used matched guise technique
(one person representing all diff accents)
3 main parameters:
status
personality
persuasiveness
Giles findings
Status: ranked
1.RP
2.National accents
3.Regional rural
4.Regional urban
Personality:
RP=self confident,intelligent,cold
Northern= honest,reliable,generous,warm and funny
Persuasiveness= only those who had listened to presentation in their regional accents had changed their mind
Dr Lance Workman
Accent and perception of intelligence
1.Yorkshire
2.R.P.
3.Brummie and silent
BUT found no link between physical attraction
SE
accepted form of english understood by all users,defined by rules of usage
RP
received pronoucation
an accent marked by its association with wealth and power in uk
Regional accent
phonological pronunciation differences, depending on georgraphy
regional dialect
lexical and grammatical differences, depending on geogrpahy
language markers
elements of language that mark the speaker as deviating from standard form of language e.g. regional social age or gender related
overt prestige
a form of prestige that is universally agreed upon
covert prestige
a form that is valued by smaller groups than the whole of society
prescriptivism vs descriptivism
prescriptivism - H.C Wyld: may well be sophisticated valleys of usages, there is an idea there is a good and bad english
Descriptivism- Crystal : most ppl speak in a variety of english , SE is that language of the written mode and its important to remeber that
regional accents examples
