Language of Pathophysiology Flashcards
The study that concerns the causative factors in a particular disease.
Etiology
When etiological factors cause a disease to be present at birth, this is called…
congenital
When etiological factors cause a disease to surface later in life (after birth), this is called…
acquired
When the cause of disease is unknown, it is termed…
idiopathic
When a treatment, procedure, or error may cause a disease, it is described as…
iatrogenic
Risk factors a.k.a. ______ indicate a risk for a disease
predisposing factors
A ____ is a condition that triggers an acute episode, such as a seizure in an individual with seizure disorder
precipitating factor
Primary Prevention involves:
- remove risk factors (e.g. avoid consuming high levels of cholesterol and saturated fats in prevention of CHD)
- vaccination, safety equipment
Secondary Prevention involves:
-detect disease early when it’s still asymptomatic and treatment measures can effect a cure or stop it from progressing
Tertiary Prevention involves:
-clinical intervention to prevent further deterioration or reduce the complications of disease once it has been diagnosed
The term denoting the sequence of cellular and tissue events that take place from the time of initial contact with an etiological agent until the ultimate expression of disease:
pathogenesis
When the onset of disease is gradual with vague or mild signs, this is said to be:
insidious
A short term illness that develops quickly with marked signs and symptoms is termed:
acute
A milder condition which develops gradually, pesists for a long period of time, usually causes more permanent tissue damage and is marked by intermittent acute episode.
chronic disease
The manifestations of a disease subside during a(n) ____ and increase during a(n) _____
remission; exaceberation
The term denoting conditions where pathological changes occur, but no obvious manifstations are exhibited by the patient, perhaps because of great reserve capacity of an organ.
subclinical state
The initial latent or silent stage between exposure to a microorganism and the onset of signs and symptoms:
incubation period
The time in the early development of disease when body is undergoing changes but signs are non specific (e.g. fatigue, loss of appetite, headache)
prodromal period
The stage of disease when signs and symptoms appear
actue/clinical stage
When an individual harbours an organism but does not have an active infection, and can transmit infection to others, this is the ___ stage
convalescent or carrier
A collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ, that usually occur together in response to a certain condition is a….
syndrome
___ describe the potential unwanted outcomes of the primary condition, such as paralysis following recovery from a stroke
sequelae
___ or ____ is the period of recovery and return to the normal health state, it may last for several days or months
convalescence; rehabilitation
____ indicates the disease rates within a group. It is sometimes used to indicate the functional impairment that certain conditions such as stroke cause within a population
morbidity
