Language levels Flashcards
What is a bound morpheme?
A morpheme which does not exist on its own.
What is a free morpheme?
A morpheme which makes sense on its own.
What is an auxillary verb?
Verbs that help other verbs.
What are semantics?
The meanings of words and expressions
What are pragmatics?
Assumptions made about what is meant, or the inferences drawn from what is said or written.
What is paralanguage?
Aspects of an individual’s vocal expression, such as whispering and laughter.
What is repertoire?
The range of language forms or styles used by a speaker.
What are world Englishes?
Varies of English that are used in different countries around the world.
What is the mode?
Type of speech or writing. (online article or newspaper)
What is an arbitrary?
Having no real connection beyond that of social convention.
What is constructed dialogue?
Dialogue which is artificially created rather than occurring naturally. Such as novels or playscripts.
What is a referent?
The thing or person being referred to.
What is ethnic identity?
Feeling connection with people who have similar cultural backgrounds.
What is social variation?
The variation that occurs as a result of the social groups that people connect with.
What is a synonym?
Words that have similar meaning.
What is an antonym?
Words that have opposite meaning.
What is a morpheme?
An element of meaning smaller than a word. Such as ‘talked’ has two morphemes: ‘talk’ and ‘ed’
What is a register?
A form of specialist language.
What is a semantic field?
A group of terms from the same domain.
What is a dysphemism?
A direct form of language that doesn’t attempt to disguise sensitive/difficult topics.
What is a euphemism?
An indirect form of language that enables speakers to avoid mentioning something unpleasant/offensive.
What is lingua franca?
Where the speakers don’t share the same first language, a lingua franca acts as a form of bridging language enabling them to communicate.
What is an idiom?
An expression whose meaning is not dependant on the meanings of words it contains.
What is an adjective?
Describes the noun.
What is an adverb?
Give more information about verbs. ‘ly’.
What is a main clause?
A clause which can stand on its own.
What is a subordinate clause?
A clause which cannot stand on its own so must be accompanied by the main clause.
What is a cohesion?
The way sentences or utterances join together to form a whole text.
What is a modifier?
Adds information. Such as an adverb adding information to a verb or an adjective adding information to a noun.
What is syntax?
How the words are arranged.
What are semiotics?
How signs and symbols work within human communication?
What is a hypernym?
A more broad term for something such as dog
What is a hyponym?
A more specific terms for something such as labrador.
