Language, heart, blood vessels and blood

Question 1

What is the anatomical position?

Answer 1

The standing position with the body facing forward, feet parallel and palms facing forward.

Question 2

The standing position wit

Answer 2

front of the body

Question 3

What is the posterior?

Answer 3

back of the body

Question 4

What is the lateral?

Answer 4

away from the middle of the body

Question 5

What is the medial?

Answer 5

close to the middle of the body

Question 6

What is the proximal?

Answer 6

closest to the main part of the body

Question 7

What is the distal?

Answer 7

the further the way it is from the body

Question 8

What is the superior?

Answer 8

higher/closer to the head

Question 9

What is the inferior?

Answer 9

closer to the feet

Question 10

What is the peripheral?

Answer 10

close to the surface of the body

Question 11

What is the deep?

Answer 11

further away from the surface of the body

Question 12

What does it mean by supine?

Answer 12

laying face up

Question 13

What does it mean by prone?

Answer 13

laying face down

Question 14

What is the cardiac muscle called that the heart is made up of?

Answer 14

myocardium

Question 15

What is the function of coronary arteries?

Answer 15

they are blood vessels that supply blood with oxygen and nutrients and they remove waste products.

Question 16

What is the function of the valves?

Answer 16

ensure blood flows in the right direction

Question 17

Valves are consisted of cusps. What are the cusps called?

Answer 17

chordae tendious

Question 18

What is the function of the chordae tendious?

Answer 18

keep valves in place and prevent cusps being forced back into the atrium.

Question 19

What are the 3 main valves?

Answer 19

-tricuspid
-bicuspid
-semilunar

Question 20

What is the function of the tricuspid valve?

Answer 20

opens up to allow blood to flow from the RA to RV, in one direction

Question 21

What is the function of the bicuspid valve?

Answer 21

opens to allow blood to flow from the LA to the LV, in one direction

Question 22

What is the function of the semilunar valve?

Answer 22

takes blood away to prevent back flow

Question 23

What are the 4 main blood vessels?

Answer 23

-aorta
-super vena cava &(inferior vena cava)
-pulmonary vein
-pulmonary artery

Question 24

What is the function of the aorta?

Answer 24

carries oxygenated blood out of the LV of the body

Question 25

What is the function of the super vena cava?

Answer 25

returns deoxygenated blood to the RA from the head and upper body

Question 26

What is the function of the inferior vena cava?

Answer 26

it returns deoxygenated blood from the RA from the lower body

Question 27

What is the function of the pulmonary vein?

Answer 27

carries oxygenated blood from lungs to the LA

Question 28

What is the function of the pulmonary artery?

Answer 28

carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs

Question 29

What is blood carried through?

Answer 29

blood vessels

Question 30

What are the 5 types of blood vessels?

Answer 30

-arteries -arterioles -capillaries -venuoles -veins

Question 31

What are arterioles?

Answer 31

little arteries

Question 32

What are arteries?

Answer 32

large blood vessels that leave the heart

Question 33

Describe arteries

Answer 33

-they have thick, muscular walls that contract and relax to send blood to the body -the walls contain elastic cartilage and smooth muscle to allow the vessel to expand and contract smoothly.

Question 34

What is peristalish?

Answer 34

when the vessel expands and contacts smoothly to all parts of the body

Question 35

Why don't arteries contain valves?

Answer 35

they don't carry deoxygenated blood apart from the pulmonary artery that carries deoxygenated blood away form the heart.

Question 36

Describe capillaries

Answer 36

-one cell thick -thin walls for diffusion -oxygen and nutrients can diffuse in -waste products can flow out

Question 37

What do capillaries feed back into?

Answer 37

venuoles, smallest type of veins.

Question 38

Describe venuoles/veins

Answer 38

-thinner and less muscular than arteries -carry blood back to the heart -contain valves to prevent back flow

Question 39

What is the blood?

Answer 39

blood is the medium that all cells are carried to transport nutrients and oxygen to the cells of the body

Question 40

What are the 4 components that cells are made up of?

Answer 40

-red blood cells (erythrocytes) -white blood cells (leucocytes) -platelets (thrombocytes) -plasma

Question 42

Why is blood a thick liquid substance?

Answer 42

because it is made up of 55% plasma and 45% solids

Question 43

Why are red blood cells (erythrocytes) red?

Answer 43

because of a protein called haemoglobin

Question 44

What is the role of red blood cells?

Answer 44

to transport oxygen to the cells

Question 45

What is the role of white blood cells?

Answer 45

to fight infections as they are part of the body's immune system.

Question 46

What are platelets?

Answer 46

parts off cells

Question 47

How do white blood cells fight off infections?

Answer 47

they destroy bacteria and other dangerous organisms to remove disease from the body.

Question 48

How do platelets act?

Answer 48

by stopping blood loss through clotting.

Question 49

Why do platelets become sticky?

Answer 49

when they are in contact with the air to form the initial stage of repair to damaged tissue.

Question 50

What substance do platelets need to enable them to clot?

Answer 50

factor 8

Question 51

What is a haemophiliac?

Answer 51

a person whose blood does not clot; this is because they are short of factor 8 which enables platelets to become active

Question 52

What is the lymphatic system?

Answer 52

it is part of the cardiovascular system and consists of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes.

Question 53

What is a plasma and its function?

Answer 53

the liquid part of the blood which is the solution in which all solids are carried

Question 54

What does the lymphatic system do?

Answer 54

collects fluids from the body's tissues that are not reabsorbed in the blood and it also fights infections

Question 55

What is the fluid circulating through the lymphatic system called?

Answer 55

lymph it is a pale yellow liquid that contains lymphocytes

Question 56

What is the main function of lymph nodes?

Answer 56

to deal with any infection arriving via the lymphatics.