Language+Grammer Flashcards
Active and Passive Voice
Passive: be/got + past participle
Past participle=broken/stolen
=Diminishes importance of agent, omits identity of agent, avoid redundancy, emphasise the agentee
Active=consise
Subject Concord
- Singular subject w/ singular verb and plural subject w/ plural verb
- Neither nor=singular unless if combo - one nearest to verb
- SomeONE, noBODY = singular
- Subjects and Concepts (Mathematics etc.) =Singular
- Things that come in pairs (Scissors, trousers) =Plural
- Collective nouns=Singular
- Plural Subjects (fish and chips, custard and jelly)=singular
Rhetorical Question (Figure of Speech)
Asked to make a point without expecting a reply
=Persuasive device
Paradox
A Statement that contradicts itself =true and untrue at the same time
=sounds reasonable
Bathos V.s Anticlimax
Sudden change in tone
Bathos : Abrupt turn from seriousness into silliness
=unexpected laugh
Anti climax- similar but not for humorous effect
Satire
A comment on society with wit, sarcasm or irony to expose societal stupidities in order to encourage change of action
Malapropism (a humour device)
Unintentional confusion use of a similar sounding word used in incorrect context
=humour
Pun
A word can be interpreted as two which are similar in sound but different in meaning
=witty humour, grabs attention
Colloquial
Ordinary language used in conversation
Jargon V.S Slang
Jargon: language used by members of a certain community
Slang: informal and made-up lang. place,time etc.
Style
The construction of a piece of writing.
- diction
- formality
- sentence structure
- related to purpose
Parody
A text which imitates another text for humour. Depend if audience knows org work.
Sensational language
Subjective words that breed controversy or excitement
Tone
Choice of words which conveys writer’s feelings and attitude
Mood
Emotional feeling a writer makes the reader feel
Styles
- expository
- persuasive
- narrative
- descriptive
The text uses a _______ style. This can be seen in “______”. The style is ____ it be seen in____
Style and Intention
Intention =purpose
:. Influences the writing style
Style comprises of…
- poetic devices: rhyme+ rhythm
- sentence structure: length, syntax, punc. Etc
- figurative language
Etc.
Expository Style
Facts
Information, instructions
-citations, quotes etc.
Shies from judgements
Descriptive Style
Figurative language, descriptions
Brief
Narrative Writing Style
Tells a story
Longer
Persuasive Writing Style
Win audience
-argument= evidence+opinions
Explain…
Denotation
Connotation
Implied Meaning
Denotation: literal meaning like the dictionary would define it
Connotation: the idea or feeling in which a word invokes
Implied Meaning: A main idea not directly stated
Abbreviation v.s Acronym
Acronym: pronounceable, initial letters, parts of words
radar, UNISA
Abbreviation: pronounced separately, a shortened version of a word
