Language Disorder Notes Part 2 Flashcards
Preintentional Communication
Cry Behavior Smiles Gaze Patterns
Cry Behavior
Stimulates Laryngeal and oral functions Prompts caregivers to provide basic needs Infants learn natural contingencies
Smiles
reflexive social
Gaze patterns
mutual gaze gaze coupling deictic gaze
Mutual gaze
prolonged eye contact
Gaze coupling
partners alternately look at the other zero to two
Deictic gaze
infants fix eye gaze on some object of interest foundation for joint attention
Emerging pragmatic language behavior Eye Gaze
First pragmatic language behavior in the human infant Important assessment marker if they are unable to hold eye gaze
Emerging pragmatic language behavior Turn Taking
mimic the their sounds
Emerging pragmatic language behavior Joint Attention
Responding to joint attention RJA and Initiating joint attention IJA
Responding to joint attention RJA
parent looks at it and hold it up and try to get the child to respond to our bid for joint attention comes before IJA 6 months
Initiating joint attention IJA
when the child holds up something or points to something to show you something they think is cool Another important marker in the id of autism twelve to fourteen months
Children develop intentionality to
Request Protest Comment
Prelinguistic illocutionary communication behaviors
Gestures Establishment of joint reference Vocalization
Gestures
Distal and Contact
Distal
Gestures that do not come into contact with any tangible object point waving nodding
Contact
throwing patting showing grabbing by the hand
Protowords
Phonetically consistent forms PCFS Units with distinguishable utterance boundaries Reoccurring utterances Reliably associated with recurring situations No resemblance to the adult form
Real words
emerge around twelve months A stable consistent production that is phonetically similar to the adult word form in a particular language used by the child in a particular context Have a vowel sound close to the adult productions Are followed by a brief period of silence Are used under recurring conditions Are used in conversations
First words determined by
Environment Word Types Sounds in words Function
Word types
Nouns and verbs Social Occurrence Adjectives
18 months
50 to 100 words
24 months
200 to 300 words
30 months
500 words
The Combiner Stage
18 to 24 months two word combinations determine meaning through context
Two word combinations
object plus action Doggie run Descriptor plus object Pretty ball Request Want cookie Refusal No bath Possessive Mommy hat
Early language is about
what the child is doing what the child is about to do or what the child wants others to do Focuses on the here and now
Typical mistakes
overextension underextension overgeneralization
Overextension
A child for example calls all men daddy
Underextension
A child calls the family dog a dog, but no other
Overgeneralization
A child learns a grammatical rule but not the exceptions right away foots
Early Syntactic and Morphologic Development
First usage of grammar and bound morphemes should appear shortly after word combinations appear around 24 to 30 months
Development of Pragmatic Skills
shift from the here and now to the there and then Capable of following the partners lead Practices situational pragmatics Conversational repair Ellipsis
Children 3 to 5 years of age produce
Sentence more than 4 words long More complex correct grammar Compound sentences linking two or more ideas together Pronouns are correct A vocabulary of up to 5000 words
Children 3 to 5 years of age interact by
Taking more turns in conversations Understanding pauses as a signal for a change of speakers Saying yeah and nodding to acknowledge what you are saying Not always giving you a turn Persisting to get into a conversation Calling or yelling to get a listeners attention Staying close and maintaining eye contact
