Language Concepts and Acquisition Flashcards
What is TESOL?
Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages – a certification to teach English to English Language Learners.
TESOL is a broad term.
A subset of TESOL is TEFL, Teaching English as a Foreign Language. TEFL generally refers to teaching English in a non-English-speaking country.
What is NCATE/CAEP?
National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) was a professional accreditor of teacher education programs in U.S. colleges and universities. In 2013 it merged with another professional accreditor, the Teacher Education Accreditation Council, to form the present-day accreditor the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP). NCATE/CAEP were/are coalitions of many professional associations.
What are the 5 domains of TESOL standards?
Domain 1: Language Domain 2: Culture Domain 3: Instruction (Planning, Implementing, and Managing Instruction) Domain 4: Assessment Domain 5: Professionalism
Summarize TESOL Domain 1: Language
In Domain 1: Language, candidates know, understand, and use the major theories and research related to the structure and acquisition of language to help ELLs develop language and literacy and achieve in the content areas.
What are the two subdomains under Domain 1: Language?
1.a Language as a System
(Integrative System; Structure of Language)
1.b Language Acquisition and Development
What is phonology?
(The study of) the sound system of (a) language
= the study of how sounds are organized and used in natural language.
Includes such things as: the sounds that are part of a language and how they are pronounced; how sounds are put together and blended to create words; what sounds can be “neighbors”; how words consist of syllables; how words rhyme.
What is morphology?
The study of) the structure of words. The study of the meaningful parts of words and how they are put together (word formation).
Words are formed by putting together morphemes, for example: a base and affixes (prefixes and suffixes).
What is syntax?
The study of the structure of phrases, clauses, and sentences. The study of the way sentences are constructed and how they relate to each other.
Syntax can be learned by studying grammar rules and includes such things as word order in a phrase or sentence; agreement of person, number and tense; and subject/object forms (e.g. she/her).
What are semantics?
The study of the meaning of morphemes, words, phrases and sentences. It is also concerned with the way meanings change and develop.
In linguistics, semantics is studied apart from pragmatics.
What are pragmatics?
The study of appropriate language use, especially how context (time, place, social relationship) influences interpretation. The study of the effect of context on meaning. The study of aspects of meaning that are dependent on the context, the speaker (for example, the speaker’s goals), and the audience.
What is grammar?
The study of the structure or conventions of how parts of speech come together to form sentences.
What are mechanics?
The rules of written language such as capitalization, punctuation, and spelling.
What are rhetorical structures?
(Tentative) Use of linguistic tools involving patterns of sentences, sounds, and meanings to evoke a particular response from the listener or reader.
What are the four major types of rhetorical devices?
- Logos
- Pathos
- Ethos
- Kairos
What is logos, as a type of rhetorical device?
Attempting to persuade by the use of logic and reason. Examples: citing facts, statements from experts, and statistics.
What is pathos, as a type of rhetorical device?
Attempting to evoke emotions. Examples: attempts to evoke compassion or pity, but also attempts to evoke anger; attempts to use emotion to inspire action or response.
What is ethos, as a type of rhetorical device?
Attempting to convince on the basis of right or wrong (ethics), for example trying to persuade the audience that the speaker has the experience and judgment necessary to decide what’s right.
What is kairos, as a type of rhetorical device?
Attempting to convince on the basis of timeliness; that the time has come for a particular idea or action.
What is discourse?
A continuous stretch of speech or writing longer than a single sentence to express a thought, generally in a social context. The study of discourse includes social rules of conversation and writing style. (Spoken and written discourse are different.) The word is derived from the latin prefix dis- meaning “away” and the root word currere meaning “to run”.
What is SLA?
Second Language Acquisition
Note: This term is used to refer to the acquisition of an additional language, whether second, third, fourth, fifth, etc.
What is ESL?
English as a Second Language
Note: This term is used to refer to English as an additional language, whether second, third,, fourth, fifth, etc.
What is ELL?
English Language Learner
What is LEP?
Limited English Proficient
What is NES?
Native-English-Speaking