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English Language > Language and Power > Flashcards

Language and Power Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

What is the first step in writing an essay?

A

Identifying the text e.g. advert.

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2
Q

Which theologist came up with the idea of identifying the text?

A

Dyer.

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3
Q

What is the second step in writing an essay?

A

Identifying who should have the power and who we’d expect to have the power.

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4
Q

What is the third step in writing an essay?

A

Identifying what type of power in shown.

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5
Q

Which theologist came up with identifying the power shown?

A

Wareing.

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6
Q

What are the 5 types of power and what do they mean?

A

Personal- someone’s role; political- through politics or law; social- through age, class, gender; instrumental- showing authority; influential- trying to persuade.

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7
Q

What is it important to do in your essay?

A

Give examples.

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8
Q

What is the fourth step in writing an essay?

A

Identifying an unequal encounter, power in and behind discourse.

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9
Q

What is included in an unequal encounter, and power in and behind dicourse?

A

Power asymmetry (marked difference), constraints (interruptions), formulation, powerful participants.

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10
Q

Who is the theorist behind power in and behind discourse, and an unequal encounter?

A

Fairclough 2001.

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11
Q

What is the fifth step in writing an essay?

A

Lexis/Grammar.

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12
Q

What is included in lexis/grammar?

A

Special jargon/legalese, modality: epistemic/deontic, imperatives and declaratives.

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13
Q

What is the difference between epistemic and deontic modality?

A

Epistemic= knowledge. Deontic= obligation.

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14
Q

Who was the theorist who came up with the theories in lexis and grammar?

A

Bernsten.

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15
Q

What are the 3 stages involved in analysis of adverts?

A
  1. Synthetic personalisation: direct address to set up a personal relationship. 2. Using visual elements to create an image the reader would like to be a part of. May include prior knowledge. 3. Receiver is seen as the ideal customer, exactly who they were aiming for.
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16
Q

Which theologist came up with advert analysis?

A

Fairclough 2001.

17
Q

What is the sixth step in writing an essay?

A

Grice’s maxims and face.

18
Q

What is included in Grice’s maxims and face?

A

Grice: quality- speaker tells the truth. quantity- the speaker doesn’t hold back or give too much information. manner- the speaker is stating information as clearly as they can. relevance- the speaker is saying things relevant t the conversation.
Face: Without politeness we lose face.

19
Q

Who came up with face?

A

Goffman.

20
Q

What is the seventh step in writing an essay?

A

FTAs.

21
Q

What are the 4 FTAs?

A

Bald, positive politeness, negative politeness and indirect/ off record.

22
Q

Give an example for each of the FTAs.

A

Bald: shut your mouth. Positive politeness: I do like your singing, but could you please be quiet? Negative politeness: I understand that you like singing, but could you be quiet now? Off the record: I really wish it could be quiet in here.

23
Q

Who came up with FTAs?

A

Brown and Levinson.

24
Q

What is included in the last step of writing an essay?

A

Graphology, register formality, accommodation theory/upwards and downwards convergence, doing power, humour, and IRF.

25
Q

Who came up with accommodation theory?

A

Giles

26
Q

Who came up with doing power?

A

Holmes and stubbes.

27
Q

Who came up with humour?

A

Winnick and Morreal.

28
Q

Who came up with IRF?

A

Coultard and Sinclair.

29
Q

What is doing power?

A

The way we talk at work, how power is shown.

30
Q

What does IRF mean?

A

Initiation, response, feedback.

31
Q

What did Winnick say?

A

Humour can be used in the workplace to criticise authority.

32
Q

What did Morreal say?

A

Humour can be used to maintain relationships e.g. small talk.

English Language (1 decks)

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