Language and Literacy Flashcards
Literacy
The ability to read and write UNESCO: the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate, compute, and used printed and written materials associated with varying contexts.
Reading Literacy
May be gauged simply by the ability to read a newspaper
Writing literacy
Includes spelling, grammar, and sentence structure. To be literate in a foreign language, one would also need to be able to understand a language by listening and be able to speak the language.
Phonemes
are the sounds represented by the letters in the alphabet? The ability to separate, blend and manipulate sounds is critical to developing reading and spelling skills
Onset sounds
the initial sound in a word such as /k/ in “cat”.
rime
the sounds that follow the onset in a word, such as /at/ in cat
phonological awareness
an auditory letter to sound correspondence. A students’ phonological awareness is an indicator of future reading success.
What are some activities that teach phonological awareness?
(Know at least 3) 1. Clapping to the sounds of individual words, names or all words in a sentence. 2. Practicing saying blended phonemes. 3. Singing songs that involve phoneme replacement (eg. the name game) 4. Reading poems, songs, and nursery rhymes out loud. 5. Reading patterned and predictable text out loud.
Phonics
the process of learning to read by learning how spoken language is represented by letters
Phonemes
in words and then blending them together to produce the correct sounds in words.
alphabetic principle
refers to the use of letters and combinations of letters to represent speech sounds.
Phonological
each letter stands for an individual sound and words are spelled just as they sound.
Logographic or Syllabic systems
Used in Japanese and Chinese
Facts that children should know about letters
Each letter has a distinct appearance. What direction and shape must e used to write each letter. That each letter has a name. There are 26 letters in the English alphabet and letters are grouped in a certain order. Letters represent sounds of speech. Words are composed of letters and have meaning. That one much be able to correspond letters and sounds to reading.
Ways to have a print-rich environment
Display children’s names in print or cursive, written works, newspapers and magazines, instructional charts, written schedules, signs and labels, printed songs, poems, and rhymes. Graphic organizers, big books
Benefits of Print and book awareness
A connection between print and messages contained on signs, labels, and other print forms in the child’s environment, reading and writing are ways to obtain information. Print in English are left to right; parts of a book; book information like author, illustrator, the beginning middle and and of a story, letters and words are different, illustrations can carry meaning, words and sentences are separated by spaces and punctuation, different text forms are used for different functions, that print represents spoken language, how to hold a book.
decoding
The method of a strategy used to make sense of printed words and figure out how to correctly pronounce them. in order to decode, students need to know the relationship between letters and sounds== including sound patterns.
Fluency.
the ability to read quickly and accurately
affixes
syllables attached to the beginning or ending of a word
Noun suffixes
can change verbs or adjectives to a noun by adding to the end to denote the act of the state of quality of or result of something. eg. argument.
