Language Acquisition: Vocabulary

Question 1

‘made up’ words that a child may use to represent a word they may not yet be able to pronounce eg blankie for blanket.

Answer 1

Proto words

Question 2

How difficult a word is to say

Answer 2

Articulatory ease

Question 3

words characterised by a repeated syllable, ie moo moo.

Answer 3

Reduplication

Question 4

process of swapping one sound for another, that is easier to pronounce, ie wode instead of road

Answer 4

Substitution

Question 5

one consonant or vowel is swapped for another., ie hambag instead of handbag

Answer 5

Assimilation

Question 6

refers to leaving out a particular sound (often at the end).

Answer 6

Deletion

Question 7

reducing phonologically more complex units into simpler ones, ie fink instead of think.

Answer 7

Consonant cluster reductions

Question 8

when a child uses a more specific word to label a more general noun ie using the word Daddy for all men.

Answer 8

Overextension

Question 9

is when a child tries to make links between different objects, ie all spherical objects might be called a ball.

Answer 9

Analogical overextension

Question 10

is when a child refers to all objects within the same category the same name, ie all outerwear a dress.

Answer 10

Categorical overextension

Question 11

is when a child uses a more general word to describe a specific thing. Ie apple might be used only to describe green apples not red ones.

Answer 11

under extension

Question 12

Words used in reference to large groups, ie gems, fruit, animals,

Answer 12

Hypernym

Question 13

words used in reference to more specific things within a category ie banana, apple pear

Answer 13

Hyponym

Question 14

units of meaning within a word that depend on other morphemes to make sense ie -est

Answer 14

Bound morphemes

Question 15

units of meaning within a word that do not depend on other morphemes to make sense ie light

Answer 15

Unbound or free morphemes

Question 16

the average utterance length of speakers. It is a broad way of exploring a participant’s input & can be linked to discussions of dominance.

Answer 16

MLU mean length of utterance

Question 17

the ability to form accurate & understandable utterances, using grammar & understand the social context for them.

Answer 17

Communicative competence

Question 18

the ways in which communication occurs that doesn’t involve words..a crucial tool in developing spoken language.

Answer 18

Non-verbal communications

Question 19

important in the sense that children acquire some sounds before others; these sounds present more articulatory ease. When a child first uses language, reduplication

Answer 19

Phonological (sounds) development

Question 20

The specific way a caregiver talks to a child.

Answer 20

Child Directed Speech (CDS)

Question 21

statement & mini question ie Our test isn’t today; is it?

Answer 21

tag questions

Question 22

providing the answer as well as the question

Answer 22

known answer questions

Question 23

a command is disguised in the form of a question ie shall we get you bathed then?

Answer 23

Mitigated imperatives

Question 24

The importance of politeness features within CDS to instill learned behaviours: some examples: Use of the word please, Asking for permission, Not shouting, Avoidance of taboo language.

Answer 24

Pragmatics (use of language in social contexts)