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Psychiatry > Lange Q&A Adult Psychopathology > Flashcards

Lange Q&A Adult Psychopathology Flashcards

1
Q

Prevalence of schizophrenia in the general population

A

1%

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2
Q

Schizophrenia monozygotic concordance rate

A

50%

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3
Q

Hallmark of Cotard syndrome

A

Psychotic/delusional theme that internal organs have been removed or are malfunctioning.

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4
Q

Folie à deux

A

A shared delusion aroused in someone via the influence of another person

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5
Q

Hallmark of Capgras syndrome

A

People have been replaced by identical appearing imposters (robots, aliens, etc)

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6
Q

Most common etiology of post-partum psychosis?

A

Bipolar disorder

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7
Q

Early sign of schizophrenia during the prodromal period

A

Progressive social withdrawal

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8
Q

Schizophreniform vs. schizophrenia

A

Schizophreniform = 1 - 6 months of symptoms that meet criteria for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is > 6 months.

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9
Q

Common defense mechanisms utilized in patients with borderline personality disorder

A

Primitive defense mechanisms: denial, projective identification and splitting.

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10
Q

Bleuler’s 4 A’s of schizophrenia

A

Association, Affect, Ambivalence and Autism

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11
Q

Classic features of catatonia

A

Negativism, hypomotorism, echolalia and echopraxia.

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12
Q

Factors that differentiate delusional disorder from schizophrenia?

A

Nonbizzare delusions, lack of hallucinations, negative symptoms and disorganization.

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13
Q

Indications for ECT in major depression

A

High severity of symptoms, history of poor response to many medications and need for quick reversal of symptoms.

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14
Q

Most common sleep disturbance in patients with depression?

A

Early morning awakening

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15
Q

Biochemical changes observed in depression?

A

Increased cortisol. Decreased catecholamines, sex hormones and immune funtion.

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16
Q

Psychiatric illness with strongest genetic predisposition

A

Bipolar I disorder. 1st degree relatives have a 25% chance of getting any type of mood disorder.

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17
Q

Medical illness that commonly presents with psychiatric symptoms and abdominal pain.

A

Porphyria. Rule this out by checking urinary porphobilinogen.

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18
Q

Most common psychiatric illness that presents with visual hallucinations

A

Delirium

19
Q

Klüver-Bucy syndrome

A

Severe damage to or disconnection of the amygdala resulting in docility, lack of fear, anterograde amnesia, hyperphagia and hypersexuality.

20
Q

Pick disease

A

Frontotemporal dementia

21
Q

Möbius syndrome

A

Congenital absence of facial nerves and nuclei resulting in bilateral facial paralysis

22
Q

Function of superior temporal gyri

A

Processing auditory information to understand language

23
Q

Treatment of choice of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia

A

Fluoxetine. SSRIs are as effective as benzodiazepines and do not have the addictive or withdrawal effects.

24
Q

% of patients with depression who will have an abnormal dexamethasone suppression test?

A

50%. This is thought to be due to abnormal feedback control in the H-P-A axis due to depression. Note that this is even more prevalent in depressed patients with psychotic features.

25
Q

% of patients who with depression who do not show an increase in TSH after TRH administration

A

30%

26
Q

Differentiate schizoid from avoidant personality disorder.

A

In schizoid, patients do not mind the lack of social interaction. In avoidant, the lack of social interaction is distressing to the patient.

27
Q

Dosage of methadone necessary to suppress opioid cravings.

A

At least 60mg/day

28
Q

Next step in a woman with post-partum psychosis

A

Hospitalization, this is a psychiatric emergency due to risks to the fetus.

29
Q

Common side effects associated with TCAs

A

Dry mouth, dizziness (with hypotension) and urinary hesitancy secondary to anticholinergic and adrenergic blockade.

30
Q

Common side effects associated with SSRIs

A

GI upset, sexual dysfunction and agitation

31
Q

Common side effects associated with Lithium

A

Polyuria, polydipsia, tremor and confusion

32
Q

Common side effects of divalproex sodium

A

GI upset, sedation and tremor

33
Q

What causes frontal suclal widening on MRI?

A

Cerebral atrophy

34
Q

What causes hypointensities in subcortical areas on MRI?

A

Lacunar stroke

35
Q

What causes cerebellar atrophy on MRI?

A

Congenital disorders and alcoholism

36
Q

What differentiates dependence from abuse?

A

The inability to quit using regardless of a desire to quit or knowledge of its negative aspects = dependence.

37
Q

Most common lab abnormality seen in alcoholics?

A

Elevated GGT. Increases in AST/ALT, uric acid, MCV and triglycerides are also seen.

38
Q

Duration required for classification as a brief psychotic disorder? Schizophreniform? Schizophrenia?

A

1 day to 1 month = brief psychotic disorder. Schizophreniform = 1 month to 6 months. Schizophrenia > 6 months.

39
Q

5 constructs to consider when assessing a patient for PTSD?

A

History of a traumatic event, intrusions, avoidance, increased arousal and negative mood/cognitive alterations.

40
Q

Lifetime incidence of suicide in schizophrenia

A

10%

41
Q

Best treatment for patients with borderline personality disorder?

A

Psychotherapy and steady social support

42
Q

Average number of ECT treatments to see positive results in patients with catatonic conditions? MDD? Psychosis/mania? When does memory impairment occur?

A

Catatonic conditions = 2-4 treatments
MDD = 6-12 treatments
Psychosis/mania = > 20 treatments
Memory impairment occurs around 20-40 treatments.

43
Q

Differentiate OCD from OC personality disorder

A 
OCD = intrusive obsessions and compulsions that function to decrease anxiety/obsessions.
OCPD = clean freak, orderly, stingy, can't complete projects

Psychiatry (2 decks)

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