Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IB English lang and lit > Lang and lit glossary > Flashcards

Lang and lit glossary Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

What is alliteration and what is the effect?

A

It is the repetition of sound at the beginning of several words.
Gives a lyrical quality and adds emphasis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is it called when a reference is made to a text, event, person or place, and what is the effect?

A

Allusion relies on the contextual knowledge of the reader.

It stimulates associations and evokes a mental picture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is an analogy and what is the effect?

A

The comparison of one situation to another, often used to persuade the audience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is repetition of a word/phrase in a succession of phrases/sentences, and what is the effect?

A

anaphora

Establishes a rhetorical or ‘literary’ effect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do you call advertising that draws attention to the conventions of advertising, and what is the effect?

A

Anti-advertising

Seems more honest/ open. Draws attention.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a contrast between ideas and what is the effect?

A

Antithesis

rhetorical effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an appeal to authority and what is the effect?

A

Reference to a source that claims to have authority.

Gives an argument credibility.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an appeal to fear and what is the effect?

A

It is appealing to the audience’s sense of fear.

It makes the audience scared - persuasive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is it called when a text says that that because everyone else is doing something, you should do it, and what is the effect?

A

the bandwagon effect

Persuade the audience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is bias and what is the effect?

A

It is when language supports a particular ideological position and there is an imbalance between different perspectives.
Leads the audience to see from the writer’s point of view.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is cacophony and what is the effect?

A

Discordant, or hard sounding effects of language produced by clusters of consonants.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is characterisation and what is the effect?

A

It is the way that a writer creates characters to attract or repel the sympathy of the audience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a cliche and what is the effect?

A

A repeated or boring phrase, that builds up a colloquial tone and persuades the reader.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is colloquialism and what is the effect?

A

Ordinary, everyday language.

Gives a casual, relaxed effect, and achieves a less formal tone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the purpose of a simple sentence.

A

To make a declarative statement and to add emphasis. A series can create tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is conflict in advertising, and what is the effect?

A

It is including a situation that has conflict, which is persuasive as the audience has an interest in seeing the conflict resolved.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the context of production and what is the effect?

A

It is the context where the text was produced, and influences the writer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the context of reception and what is the effect?

A

The context that a text is read, which influences how it is understood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is it called when there are multiple authors or people responsible for something?

A

Crowdsourcing, eg. Wikipedia pages

It makes the result more generic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a word that takes the place of a pronoun, or idea. Eg. ‘this/that/then/here/down there/’?

A

a deictic word

It places the audience in the same frame of reference as the writer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a severely critical type of discourse, characterised by anger.?

A

a diatribe

22
Q

What is direct narration?

A

It is when the narrator tells the reader what to think/makes an interpretation for the reader.

23
Q

What is direct speech and what is the effect?

A

Speech in quotations. Reported speech is where the narrator reports direct speech.
It creates a more vivid representation for the audience.

24
Q

What do you call the omission of part of a language structure?

A

an ellipsis
Eg. Coming? (Are you coming?)
Used for economy and affirms a sense of informality. Gives the sense fo replicating spoken language, establishing apparent closeness between the text and the reader.

25
Q

What is an end-stopped line and what is the effect?

A

When a line of verse ends with a period. It sounds conclusive/final.

26
Q

What is it called when a word is used in two different senses for an argument, and what is the effect?

A

equivocation is used to make false arguments sound convincing.

27
Q

What do you call the character of an audience, nation, or community?

A

Ethos.

Appealing to ethos gives the speaker more credit or authority on a matter.

28
Q

What is a word or phrased used to replace something else to make it sound better than it is.?

A

euphemism

Eg. put to sleep instead of euthanised.

29
Q

What do you call the visual aspect of a text - layout, font, images?

A

graphology

30
Q

What is hyperbole and what is the effect?

A

Exaggeration.

Used to emphasise a point.

31
Q

What is imagery and what is the effect?

A

Language that appeals to the senses.

It creates a picture in the mind of the reader and engages them.

32
Q

What is indirect narration?

A

When the writer shows the events of a story without telling the reader how to interpret them.

33
Q

What is intertextuality?

A

The way in which a text resonates or refers to another text.

34
Q

What is irony?

A

When the opposite happens from what you would expect - verbal or situational.

35
Q

What is jargon and what is the effect?

A

Technical language.

It can be used for obfuscation, or to sound informed and credible.

36
Q

What is juxtaposition and what is the effect?

A

Placement of opposite ideas in close proximity.

It draws attention to tension or conflict between ideas.

37
Q

What is logos and what is the effect?

A

The appeal to the audience’s sense of logic.

It involves arguments and reasoning and is persuasive.

38
Q

What is Advertising of unpopular products.?

A

Long tail marketing

Eg. Kurdish dance music, cold war stamps, Siberian poetry.

39
Q

What is a metaphor?

A

Saying that something is something else.

40
Q

What do you call a reference to something not by name but by something intimately associated with it, and what is the effect?

A

metonymy
Eg. ‘Crown’ to meet queen.
It can make things more concise, and adds poetic colour.

41
Q

What is it called when a writer expresses an attitude/judgement towards their subject matter.?

A

modality

42
Q

What is multivocality?

A

The idea that the meaning of a text is not fixed and is constructed by the readers who occupy particular positions.

43
Q

What is it called when a verb is transformed into a noun, and what is the effect?

A

Nominalisation
Eg. Army shoot demonstrators -> demonstrators die in shooting.
Your kitchen looks great -> Great looks for your kitchen.
It can obfuscate a text, or give permanence to an otherwise temporary situation.

44
Q

What is onomatopoeia and what is the effect?

A

Sound words, that appeal to the senses of the reader.

45
Q

What is an appeal to the emotions and what is the effect?

A

pathos

Used to persuade the audience.

46
Q

What is the problem solution technique and what is the effect?

A

Convincing someone that they have a problem, so as to sell them the solution.
It is persuasive.

47
Q

What is a pun and what is the effect?

A

A play on words for (often) comic effect.

48
Q

What is a semantic field?

A

It is a group of words with related meaning.

49
Q

What is sensationalism?

A

Language that appeals to emotions, often exaggerates, over-hypes events.

50
Q

What is shock advertising and what is the effect?

A

It is controversial advertising that creates free publicity and leaves a memorable impact on the audience.

51
Q

What is a reference to an entity by one of its parts. and what is the effect?

A

a synecdoche
‘All hands on deck’.
It sounds colloquial and mirrors everyday language.

52
Q

What is a testimonial and what is the effect?

A

When someone tells about a personal experience with a product. It appeals to the audience’s sense of ethos, adding credibility.

IB English lang and lit (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions