Landscape Architecture Flashcards
What are the principes of Loius le Roy?
A Garden is primarily ecological awareness, aesthetics and use are secondary
_Partizipation: People should be encouraged to change old ways of thinking
_The Horticultural activities are kept to a minimum (“nature arranges itself”)
_Development and processes are allowed (succession)
_Interventions as a starter for the growth of the garden (rubble mound,
seeding, selective plantings)
_Using handicraft instead of machines
_minimal care and energy costs
Some examples of Louis Le roy of Wild gardens?
Ecocathedral, Mildam (NL), since 1983
Who are the architects of Wild Garden
William Robinson,
Louis Le roy
URs Schwarz
kasseleanears
What are the genral approaches to old and new garden heritage
Restoring the „Original“
2. „Honest Reconstruction“ while showing the cracks or missing pieces
3. „Critical or Creative Reconstruction“ while allowing changes/adaptiations/
recombinations according to nowaydays needs of users or actual style
4. „Hints to History“ showing, tracing , staging leftovers or footprints
5. Giving „Gaps and Scars“ a stage
when did garden heritage conservation establish
20 th centurr
what is the first chapter in urban scale
Venice charter in 1964
which site did Unesco recommend for
Historuc urban Landscape
what was Historic urban landscape appraoch
Cutltural diversity and creativity are th ekey assests to social educational and recreational facilities adn they also provide to tools that manage the social and physical that ensures the contemperary landscape goes well with the cutlural context
Which milestone is the minor scale
charter of florence 1981
Who adopeted the charter of Hostoric gardens ?
Internal commitee of Historic gardens
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What does Historic garden defines
it defines goals- reconstruction, preservation and mainternance
What are the specidic garden monument presevation policies
All craft, artistic, intellectual, technical measures necessary for
the preservation and maintenance of cultural monuments in
the field of garden culture.
It also includes the cultural-historical classification of garden
monuments and the assessment of monument status on the
basis of legally defined criteria.
There are also overlaps with the archaeological monument
preservation and the building and art monument
preservation.
Challenge: of Historic Garden
The historical garden is a structure composed mainly of plants,
that is, living material, consequently transient and renewable. Its
appearance results from a constant interplay of forces between
seasonal change, natural evolution and natural decay, on the one
hand, and the artistic as well as craft will, on the other hand,
which aims to give permanence to its condition.”
ICOMOS-IFLA: Florence Charter, 1981
HSA
What are the requirements of a data collection?
General information (owner, address, map, etc.) about the garden heritage site.
2. General information about the data collection (justification, client, date, etc.)
3. Information about any existing data collection.
4. Information about the history of the site (historical analysis):
- Survey and analysis of the primary and secondary literature;
transcription or photocopies of the available primary texts in archives and collections;
- Overview of the data collected on the garden heritage site in the form of a table
listing references used.
- Review and photocopying of historic photographs, including aerial views (possibly
also aerial photographs taken by the Allies)
- Description of the present state of research and source material (texts, plans,
illustrations, photographs), Description of Natural Environment
topography; types and quality of the soils;
Climate, depth to groundwater; nutrient content of lakes and ponds; potential
indigenous vegetation, etc.)
6. Site plan:
The technical basis for an inventory is a site plan in scale 1:1000 or 1:2000
7. Inventory Plan:
vegetation, tree inventory, Structures ,Visual effects and scenic composition, etc.
8. Inventory of Built Structures
Buildings, small architectonic features, and sculptures:
9. Photographic Record
Photographies incl. localisation and viewing direction, aerial views
Depiction of terrain sections
11. Description garden archaeological findings
(e.g excavations)
12. Inventory Text
supplementary to the plan. Design elements should be described
regarding interrelationships)
13. Documentation Conservation Work Activities
What are the measures of schauffen cemetry
The main character has to be preseved and restored to its original
Entrance of the gate has to redefined
the prrenials adn shrubs are herbaceous and they are planted along the periphery
furniture has to be redesigned
The asphalt road that is adjacent to the site is being well adapted with chipping
there are three 3 mission states short term, medium term, long term with on going measures were implemented
Define lost in Tranlation
Historical Landscape designs that are translated into present landscape designs are being lost with lack of reflection.Thr translation from past to nowadays gives an impact of poor , lost and empty with no deep sense of no tracebale traditional concepts , design intent
Example of Garden heritage projects
hambach Castle
Which is the most ancient garden
Mesopotian
how sumerians represnted and When
That triangle diagram and ariund 3000 bc
what do you mean by Shaduf
Shaduf is an old irrigation agricultural device to raise or throw
When was chinese landscape garden found and when were they documented
found around 1000- 1100 b.c . Inspired form the religion of taosim and doucmetation of row of trees were from 600 b.c. Inspired from poetic and paintings
wo influenced whom initially ?
greek influenced romans
who told not everything can grow with ivy not only walls, promenades , pillars, statues
Cicero
which is the first vegetal element found in an architecural column
acanthus leaves, cornithian pillar
Where was wall painting done in italy
Pompeii style
Where does the term garden derive
Refuge indon european ghorotto means fenced walls or willows
what does the term mittelalter,Renaissance, and Aufkralang
Mittelalter has no enclore , renaisance has one and aufkralanga has none
Which is the predecessor of Rennaisance garden ?
Reconstruction of Pliny’s Villa
What is the Concept of Hortus Conclusus?
In an enclised gardenth eboundary is teh garden where th eheaven and earth converge and the buildings ar ethe earth of mass
NAME AN EXAMPLE of this concept of Hortus conclusus
Sintergarden in Duisburg, Nord
What are the types of Medival garden
kitchen garden, infirmary garden, Cloister garth,Cemetry orchard
What is the symbolic and religious interpretation of medival garden
garden = paradise, floral symbolsim , enclosed garden, four fold divison ,
Roser= virgin mary,
Vines- JEsus christ
Example of a medival garden
St.Gallen monastery, Switzerlnad. 840 Bc
NAme an example of a christian Garden
Gardens of the World 2012, Raleis Architects, Berlin
NAme the traditional Elements found in Persion garden
Chahar bagh, fountains, water chanels, Trees of plantaion , ex: cedadar , flower beds, wall enclosure, frangrance, geometric tile work
What is the geometric tile work called in persian
Ghirih
Who called garden is the artificial nature
Robert musil
What does term nature
Phenomenal, physical world that included human beings, living plants , nature , animals and landscape
Anti thesis to nature and opponent to culture
Also they are free from values,, emotinal, aesthetic adn religious virtues
They are projection of surfaces tthat has ideas and emotions and actions
What are the dialetical fields?
Physical, emotional, aesthetical cuture (PEA C)
vs
Rational abstract form
good Vs Evil nature
What are the 6 phases of relationship between human and nature
stonage, classical, 16 th centurey
17 th century 18th century and now
What does wild garden mean ?
- not priortising to sever human beings
- no care needed, leaves need not be maintained, to encourage biodiversity of plants and animals
What are the aims of aan wild garden
- interg. appraoch betw man and nature
-focus on landscape, ( nature as a gardener) - encourage wild plants and animals
-sustainable constructions - lil maintenance
-image of natural grwn gardens - organic forms and spcaces
who wrote Wild garden
William robinson
what did william robinson state in his book
All true and great froms of art are based on eternal flaws of nature
examples of Wild garden
Cottage garden 1905
What does Louis Roy state ?
In a garden , nature as a master and the owner is the apprenticen1973
Who wrote NAtur der Garter
Urs Schwarz
