Landmarks (Unit 2) Flashcards
Canada is the ___ country in the world.
Second
The world is made up of how many tectonic plates?
23
How many MAJOR tectonic plates are there?
7
How often are tectonic plates in motion?
All the time!
Why do tectonic plates move?
The heat from inside the planet (tectonic shift)
What do you call the place where the earthquake originates?
Hypocenter
What do you call the place where the earthquake occurs on the earth’s surface?
Epicentre
How many types of earthquakes are there?
Three
What do you call when two tectonic plates hit each other with forces going TOWARDS each other?
Convergent boundary
What occurs on the surface of the Earth during a convergent earthquake?
Creation of mountains and hills
What do you call when two tectonic plates separate from each other with forces going AWAY each other?
Divergent boundary
What occurs on the surface of the Earth during a divergent earthquake?
New ocean floors
What do you call when two tectonic plates slip by each other with forces going parallel to one another?
Parallel or transform boundary
How did the earth go from Pangaea to the continents that we have now?
Continental drift is the theory that Earth’s continents have moved over time, one earthquake after another..
Canada resides on what tectonic plate?
North American plate
When parallel plates/transform plates move under the ocean floor, what result do we see on Earth’s surface?
Tsunami
What is the Richter Scale
a measure of the strength of earthquakes
What does it mean when comparing a 3.0 level earthquake to a 4.0 earthquake?
The earthquake that measures 4.0 in magnitude was 10x greater than the 3.0 earthquake.
What does it mean when comparing a 4.0 level earthquake to a 2.0 earthquake?
The earthquake that measures 4.0 in magnitude was 100x greater than the 2.0 earthquake.
What do you call the hot substance within the Earth’s crust?
Magma
What do you call the hot substance once it was exited the tunnel and come onto the Earth’s surface?
Lava
True or false? In a volcano, the molten rocks rise through the crater pipe creating steam and pressure, before erupting through the crater opening
True
Where is the tallest volcano in the solar system?
Mars
Why is Iceland known for its high concentration of active volcanos?
Iceland is known for its hotspot region.
What is a hotspot?
An area of the Earth’s mantle known for its heat and where the magma is hotter than surrounding magma.
What is the Canadian region on the far West of the country?
Cordillera
How old is the Canadian Shield?
3.98 billion years old
What are the prairies known for?
Their very flat and fertile land
What is a sedimentary rock?
Accumulation of sediments and minerals on the Earth’s surface. Think of sand rushing downstream under pressure
How did the guy in the video show starbursts as a sedimentary rock?
Cutting them up into little pieces to demonstrate the different minerals, mixing them up, and smushing them together with his hands.
What is a metamorphic rock?
When sedimentary rocks go under heat and pressure, the minerals blend together, creating a new morphed physical change
How did the guy in the video show starbursts as a metamorphic rock?
by adding heat from his hairdryer, he was able to change the shape and colour of his rock.
What is an igneous rock?
igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava
How did the guy in the video show starbursts as an igneous rock?
he melted the rock on the stove to melt it down further and once it cooled, it was more solid than when he first started
What is the rock cycle?
Sedimentary – Metamorphic – Igneous
