Landfroms Flashcards
Upper course features
Steep sided v-shaped valleys Interlocking spurs Waterfalls Gorges Rapids
Middle course features
Wider shallower valleys
Meanders
On-bow lakes
Lower course features
Wide flat bottom valley
Flood plains
Deltas
What happens when a river moves through upper course
Cuts downwards
What is gradient like at upper course
Steep
What is channel like at upper course
Narrow
What does vertical erosion in highland help to create
Steep sided v-shaped valley Interlocking spurs Waterfalls Gorges Rapids
What happens when river erodes landscape in upper course
It winds and bends to avoid hard rock areas
The avoidance of hard rock in upper course creates….
Interlocking spurs
What happens when river flows over alternating layers of hard and soft rock
Rapids and waterfalls form
Example of where you can find interlocking spurs
Tributary of Yangtze River
Gradient in middle course is
Gentle
What has widened river channel in middle course
Lateral erosion
Sideways
What happens to river channel in middle course
Deepened and widened
Wide river channel in middle course means
Less friction so water flows faster
When river flows laterally from side to side what does it form
Large bends and loops called meanders
Formation meander is from
Deposition
Erosion
Landforms in lower course
Flood plains
Deltas
River volume in lower course is
High
Rivers discharge in lower course is
Large
Landscape in lower course is
Flat
Energy levels in lower course
Low
Deposition takes place
