Land use 7 Agriculture

Question 1

Types of farming

Answer 1

Commerical and Subsistence

Question 2

Commerical Farming

Answer 2

Nearly all livestok and crops are cultivated with the intention of selling
Large lots of land and lots of machines

Econoimcal and modern

Question 3

Subsistence Farming

Answer 3

• Nearly all livestock and crops are used to maintain the farmer’s family (little community)
• Low area, low amount to sell, not really reliant of machinery

Question 4

What’s the Greenhouse Revolution

Answer 4

A shift away from small, family operated farms to large industrial-scale agribusiness

alter genetics to growm

Question 5

What did the Green Revolution increase

Answer 5

Mechanization
Irrigation
Fertilizer
Pesticide
GMO

Question 6

Mechanization

What is Mechanization

Answer 6

Use of heavy machinery in commerical farming; costly but effient

soil compact decreases water

Question 7

Irrigation

What is Irrigation

Answer 7

Supply of water o land or crops outside the natural water cycle

ex Drip, Spray,Flood, and Furrow

Question 8

Types of Irrigation

Drip

Answer 8

Holes in hose slowly drip out water

enviromental

Question 9

Types of irrigation

Spray

Answer 9

Water pumped into nozzle and sprayed out

enviomental

Question 10

Types of Irrigation

Flood

Answer 10

Flood the whole field

Question 11

Types of Irrigation

Furrow

Answer 11

Trenches dug along crops and filled with water

Question 12

Irrigation types pros and cons

Drip & Spray

Answer 12

Pros- efficient avoids water logginh conserves water
Cons- Expensive & requires more management

Question 13

Irrigation types pros and cons

Flood and Furrow

Answer 13

Pros- Easy cheaper
Cons- High water loss and water logging

Question 14

Irrigations terms

Waterlogging

Answer 14

Over saturation of soil fill all soil pores space with water and suffocated plants

Question 15

Irrigation terms

Soild Salinization

Answer 15

Salt buliding up in soil over time, evaporating and leaving salt deposits behind

Question 16

Irrigation terms

Over Withdrawal

Answer 16

Farm pump out of aquaifers water at fast rates compared to its recharge

Biggest aquaifer in America is Ogallala in Nebraska to texas

Question 17

Fertilizer

Answer 17

Required to replace lost orgainic matter from plants and animals; contail essential nutrients from plants

Additives to soil

Question 18

Types of Fertilizers

Synthetic

Answer 18

• Produced commericiall with fossil fuels
• can add any nutrient (NPK)

Question 18

Types of fertilizers

Orgainic

Answer 18

Composed of organic matter from plants and animals
(mostly Mannre or compost)

Question 18

Pros and cons

Synthetic Fertilizers

Answer 18

Pros:Easily adaptable
Targets specific crops or nutrients
Higher yield ot profit
Cons: Costly
Can cause Eutrophication

Eutrophication: excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to runoff from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life and death of animal life from lack of oxygen.

Question 19

pros and cons

Organic Fertilizers

Answer 19

Pros: Increases CEC water reatantion and adds nutrients
Cons: Takes longer time, high demand with low supply, simple but really messy

Question 20

Pesticide

Answer 20

Chemical sprayed on crops that kill need insects rodents and otehr pest that eat or damage

Canbe soild (powder) liquid or aerosol mist

Question 21

Types of Pesticides

Types of Pesticides

4 types

Answer 21

Broad: Kills many types of pest
Selecive: Targets narrow range of organizms
Persistent: Remain in environment for a lon time
Non-Persistent: Break down pest

Pros Eas response

Question 22

Pros and Cons

Pesticides

Answer 22

Pros: Easy response and efficient
Cons: Kill unwanted species,resistence overtime, runoff, and disrupts endocrine and nervous system

Question 23

GMO

Answer 23

Crops that have been scientifically manuplated for desirable traits | ex Strawberries are bigger now bc of GMOs ## Footnote Gentically motified orgainsms

Question 24

# Pros and Cons GMO

Answer 24

**Pros**: Increases profitbaility and more crops **Cons**: diversity decrease, more likly to get dieases, hard to regulate, Human perception

Question 25

# Main Ag practices Monocropping

Answer 25

Large planting of a single crops species at a time **Pros**: efficent harvest and application **Cons**: Low biodiversity, increase of erosion More vulnerable to pest lower over soil quality

Question 26

# Main Ag practices Intercropping

Answer 26

Alluring rows of crops; 2 or more species planted in the same field

Question 27

# Main Ag practices Tilling

Answer 27

Mixing and breakng upsoil to lossen roots and plants easier **Causes**: increased erosion, loss of nutrients, lower WHC ## Footnote WHC: Water holding capacity

Question 28

# Main Ag practices No- Till

Answer 28

Farmers do not turn soild between seasons to reduce erosion **Causes**: decrease organic matter in soil and harder to plant

Question 29

# Sustainable Ag practices Crop rotation

Answer 29

Plowing parallel to natural slopes of land to prevent runoff and erosion

Question 30

# Sustainable Ag practices Agroforestry

Answer 30

Intercroppong trees with other crops to reduce erosion

Question 31

# Sustainable Ag practices Contour Plowing

Answer 31

Crop species are rotated from season to season reduce erosion and allow nutrients to replentish

Question 32

# Sustainable Ag practices Terracing

Answer 32

Cuttign flat *Platforms* of soil into a steep stone to prevent runoff and erosion