Land management lecture 2 Flashcards
Reduce oir fossil fuel emissions
Not with expensive risky technologies. We need a lot more photosyntheses. Plants are putting CO2 back in the earth
Soils are crucial for the carbon cycle. Climate proof soils:
Maintain more moisture
Improve soil structure and soil fertility
Soil profile is … km deep
0-5 kilometers deep
Soil pores
Gasses: oxygen o2, nitrogen N2
Liquids: soil solution + ions (water H2O)
Soil texture
Texture is the distribution of particles based on the size classes
Soil texture triangle
Used for naming soils on the basis of 3 textural classes (sand, clay and silt)
Peat soil
Very wet, mostly got fertility (due to organic matter). Only grass is possible. Ability to compact is low. It is very spongy
Swelling and shrinking of clay and soil
Depends on presence of minerals between clay particles
Potassium
Compact structure
oxygen, nitrogen
Greenhouse gasses
Sodium
No structure
Calcium
Firable structure
Soil organic matter
Solid components in the soil. The main building block of organic matter is carbon. Decomposes slowly and colors soil brown or black. It is the glue that makes the aggregates
Clay soil
Reduces compaction and increases infiltration -> Contributes the increasing pores, air and water
Sandy soil
Enables formation of aggregates -> serves as feed soil organisms, which concrete binding agents
Greenhouse gasses
Nitrogen Water Carbon Methane CH4 Ozone 03 Ammonia
Irrigation
Rain into the earth
Infiltration
Water from earth in plan
Transpiration
Water out of plants and earth into the air
Plants have different water acquirements because:
Based on their transpiration rate, uptake of nutrients, cooling and functioning of stomata
Water availability depend on 2 factors:
Soil aspects + plant aspects
Soil moisture content
Specific amount of water that is stored in the soil
May range From D to over 60%
PF-CURVE
Describes the relation between soil moisture content and suction of plants and groundwater
Wilting point
Amount of water that cannot be taken up by plants
Field capacity
Amount of water that can be stored in the soil
Differences between soil texture and soil structure
Texture has to do with the distribution of particles, it is almost impossible to change the texture. Structure is in how these particles are hold together , it is easier in the soil to change the structure
Clay minerals are important because
They hold nutrients and water. They also act as a glue
SOM
soil organic matter, which means humus, roots and organisms
Infiltration rates will be affected by
Texture, structure, soil moisture, gravity
