Land Flashcards
What is land?
Land is defined to not only include the land surface but also all the other free gifts of nature.
e.g. mineral resources, forest resources, and anything that helps to carry out the process of production of goods and services and is provided by nature free of cost
According to Cairncross, ____________ and __________ are not counted as a part of land because these are largely beyond ____________
rainfall and sunlight, human control
What do you mean by factors of production?
The goods and services with the help of which the process of production is carried out, are called factors of production
What is land according to modern economists?
According to modern economists, land means not only the surface of land, but all those free gifts of nature, the supply of which can be regulated
What are the characteristics of land?
- Land is fixed in supply
- Land requires zero cost of production
- Land is immobile
- Land is heterogenous
- Land has alternative uses
- Law of diminishing marginal returns
The most important ____________ of land is that its supply is fixed
peculiarity
The potentially available amount of land in the country is ___________
fixed
All other agents of production require cost except ______
Land
From the viewpoint of the __________ land has zero cost of production
society
From the viewpoint of the ____________ land requires cost of production
entrepreneur
Different types of land indicate wide variations in its productive capacity, this feature of land is called _________________
heterogeneity of land or Land is heterogenous
What is land reclamation?
Cultivation in barren or unused land
Increased use of labour and capital on a particular plot of land __________ the production of land but at a _______________
increases, diminishing rate
What are the functions of land?
- Determines agricultural production
- Determines the supply of mineral resources
- Determines the forest resources
- Supplies natural resources
- Maintaining proper land-man ratio
- Helps the process of industrialisation and urbanisation
If there was no land, _________ would be negligible
productions
State the importance of lands
- Determines the total production
- Determines the agricultural output
- Determines industrial production
- Fulfils the basic needs of people
- Influences the economic growth
- Maintains ecological balance
What is productivity of land?
The capability of land in raising the output of a nation
Productivity of land is measured by __________
yield per hectare
What is Average Productivity of Land?
Average Productivity of Land is obtained by dividing the output obtained from the land by the total area of the land
What is Marginal Productivity of Land?
The increase in the output obtained from land, when the area of land increases by one
What are the determinants of productivity of land?
- Natural fertility of lannd
- Proper use of land
- Investment on land, or expansion of irrigation facilities
- Security of tenancy
- Location
- Other inputs
- Scientific ways of cultivation using improved technology
- Social conditions
Who included all the ‘natural resources’ under the heading of ‘land’
Prof. Alfred Marshall
Since these are free gifts of nature and they help (and, indeed, are essential to) the production process, they should be considered to be a part of the supply of land in the economy. According to who’s view is this?
Prof. Alfred Marshall’s view
In order to be considered a factor of production, a commodity or service must be such that it is amenable to human control. Man should be able to control its supply. According to who’s view is this?
Cairncross’s view
Who’s view of land do the majority of modern economists accept?
Cairncross’s view
New amount of land can be obtained by ………………….
land reclamation
The land-man ratio ………………… with an increase in total population
decreases
If there was no land, the production would have been …………………………
negligible
…………………………………… get their required inputs from agriculture
agro-based industries
……………….. of total land area should be covered by forests
33%
From the viewpoint of the entrepreneur, land requires ……………………………………………
cost of production
From the viewpoint of the society, land has ……………………………
zero cost of production
‘Land is a …………………….. factor of production’
peculiar
The national output of a country depends to a great extent on ………………………
availability of land
Agricultural output of a country depends on ………………………
availability of cultivable land
How much of the total land area must be covered by forests?
33%
If High Yielding Variety of seeds, bio-fertilisers, improved implements are used, the ……………………………………… and ……………………………………… of the land will increase
total output and the average productivity
What is productivity of land?
The productive capacity of land or the capability of the land in raising the output of the country
