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History - War of the Roses > Lancastrian resistance > Flashcards

Lancastrian resistance Flashcards

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1
Q

Who did Margaret send to the French court to ask for a loan of 20,000 crowns?

A

Somerset, Lord Hungerford and Sir Robert Whittingham

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2
Q

Who else did Margaret employ to request for 80,000 francs and a fleet to conquor the Channel Islands?

A

Pierre De Breze

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3
Q

How long did the Lancastrians hold Jersey for?

A

One year

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4
Q

What did Margaret provide the Lancastrians with for working with the French?

A

Propaganda material

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5
Q

Who was Charles replaced with when he died?

A

Louis XI

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6
Q

Why was it bad news for Margaret that Louis had become King?

A

He hated his half of the Anjou family

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7
Q

Why was Louis favourable to Somerset. Hungerford and Whittingham?

A

It benefited France to see England divided

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8
Q

When did Edward send Warwick to capture the great Northumbrian stronghold of Alnwick Castle

A

September 1461

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9
Q

Where did Edward believe Margaret’s attack would come from?

A

The North

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10
Q

Which Castles did Warwick take to assert Yorkist control of the Northumbria?

A

Dunstanburgh Castle and Bamburgh Castle

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11
Q

When did Margaret go to France?

A

16th April 1462

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12
Q

Who did Margaret meet?

A

Duke of Brittany, Francis II, Jasper Tudor

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13
Q

What did Edward do in May 1462 to show the Scots he meant business?

A

He sent Warwick into Scotland to seize a castle

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14
Q

How long did the truce agreed between Edward and Queen Mary last that was agreed in May?

A

Until 24th August

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15
Q

What was agreed between Margaret and Louise when they finally met up with the French Court?

A

Louis would give Margaret: 2000 men, 20,000 francs and the authority to muster men in Normandy
Margaret would give Louis: Calais

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16
Q

When did Margaret sign the 100 year truce with France which prevented Englishmen from entering France?

A

28th June 1462

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17
Q

What did Edward do in response to hearing of the 100 year truce with France?

A

Dispatched 70 ships to harry the coast
Made Faucenburg Admiral of England

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18
Q

When did Sir Richard Tunstall take Bamburg Castle from the Yorkists?

A

October 1462

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19
Q

Who travelled with the Queen back to the English Coast on the 19th October?

A

Edward (son), Pierre de Breze and 200 men

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20
Q

Who prevented the Queen’s fleet from docking?

A

The Yorkist garrison at Tynemouth

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21
Q

Where did the Queen land after being prevented from doing so at Tyenemouth?

A

Alnwick

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22
Q

What did mercanaries do when they heard Warwick was approaching Alnwick with 4,000 men?

A

They fled and abandoned the Queen

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23
Q

What did the Queen do when she heard the news of Warwick arriving at Alnwick with 4000 men?

A

She found a fisherman who took them up the coast but were blown off course and caught in a storm where they lost all their supplies and possessions.

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24
Q

Why did the Lancastrians remain neutral when Margaret finally arrived?

A

She had no support with her

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25
Q

Which Castles did Margaret take when she arrived back to England?

A

Alnwick Castle, Dunstanburgh Castle, Warckworth Castle (essentially the whole of Northumberland)

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26
Q

What did Edward have to impose on Londoners when he heard Margaret was back?

A

Heavy taxes

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27
Q

How many men did Edward march north with to confront the invaders?

A

31 (a record for the period)

28
Q

Who had Margaret put at the head of Bamburgh Castle?

A

Somerset who was supported by Roos, Pembroke and Sir Raplh Percy (who had recently gone over to their cause)

29
Q

Where did Henry and Margaret go when they heard about the size of Edward’s army?

A

Holy Island with 400 men

30
Q

What happened to the men which Margaret left behind when she went to Holy Island?

A

They surrendered and many were put to the sword as an example

31
Q

When did Somerset give the keys of Warwick Castle to Warwick in return for Sir Ralph Percy being granted Bamburgh Castle?

A

Christmas Eve 1462

32
Q

Who did Somerset formally pledge is allegiance to?

A

Edward

33
Q

What effectively ended the Lancastrian invasion attempt?

A

The surrender of Alnwick and Dunstanburgh Castle in Northumberland

34
Q

How did Margaret manage to take control of the North in the opening months of 1463?

A

Sir Ralph Percy allowed the Lancastrians to go into Bamburg and Dunstanburgh castle

35
Q

When was Montague (Warwick’s brother) made Warden of the Eastern March?

A

1st June 1463

36
Q

When did Edward arrange a peace deal between England, France and Burgundy?

A

24th June 1463

37
Q

What did Phillip of Burgundy send Margaret to keep her quiet during the conference?

A

1000 crowns

38
Q

What did the truce between Edward and Louis mean for the Lancastrians?

A

They could not enter France

39
Q

What role did Montague play in frustrating Margaret in 1463?

A

Stopped a Lancastrian attack on Newcastle and intercepted supplies from the French which were unlikely to be replaced by Louis

40
Q

When did Margaret land with Breze, Exeter, Fortescue, Morton and 200 men in Burgundy to talk with Phillip?

A

31st July 1463

41
Q

What did Margaret wear to her meeting with Phillip?

A

A peasant dress as that was all she could afford

42
Q

What did Phillip send Margaret after their meeting?

A

12,000 crowns

43
Q

Where was Margaret forced to settle?

A

In France with her father and her hopes resting on her 10 year old son

44
Q

When did Edward agree his second truce with the Scots?

A

December 1463

45
Q

What did James III agree to do in the truce of 1463?

A

Give no more supplies to the Lancastrians which was easy as Henry’s cause had died

46
Q

When did Somerset return to the Lancastrians following the hostility he was getting from other Yorkists?

A

December 1463

47
Q

Where did Henry gather support in early 1464?

A

East Angelia, Gloucestershire, Cheshire, Lancashire, Staffordshire and Wales

48
Q

When was the Battle of Hedgely Moor?

A

25th April 1464

49
Q

Who was mortally wounded in the Battle of Hedgley Moor?

A

Sir Ralph Percy

50
Q

How many men did Yorkists have at Hedgeley Moor?

A

4000

51
Q

How many men did the Lancastrians have at Hedgely Moor?

A

500

52
Q

When was the Battle at Hexham?

A

15th May 1464

53
Q

How did Mantague’s men successfully use their surroundings in the Battle at Hexham?

A

They blocked the Lancastrians only exit as they were surrounded on three sides by river and woodland hillsides

54
Q

When was the fifteen year truce with Scotland agreed?

A

At the end of the Battle at Hedgeley Moor

55
Q

Who won the Battles at Hedgely Moor and Hexham?

A

Montague’s Yorkist men

56
Q

What happened to Somerset after the Battles at Hedgely Moor and Hexham?

A

He was executed along with other peers in accordance with the King’s wishes

57
Q

When were Roos, Hungerford and three others executed at Newcastle?

A

17th May 1464

58
Q

How was Montague rewarded following the two battles?

A

He was made Earl of Northumberland and given lands of the Percies

59
Q

How did Warwick win back Alnwick Castle on 23rd June 1464?

A

He appeared before the castle with an army and agreed to take the castle in an exchange for sparing the lives of the Lancastrians inside

60
Q

What happened to Bamburg Castle which was the last remaining Lancastrian Castle in the north?

A

An agreement put in place to hand it over to Warwick in exchange for the Lancastrian lives except for Sir Ralph Grey who was beheaded for changing coats of arms too often.

61
Q

Who did Edward appoint as Constable of Harlech Castle as well as funding him with £2000 to take the castle?

A

Lord Herbert

62
Q

Why were people resenting Edward towards the end of 1464?

A

Taxes were high and they were still waiting for the promised ‘golden age’

63
Q

When was Henry found and brought to Edward on a horse?

A

24th July 1465

64
Q

Where was Henry held prisoner?

A

Tower of London

65
Q

How was Henry treated in the prison?

A

He was treated fairly by Edward as he was sent wine but was treated with hostility by the visitors one of whom stabbed him in the neck

History - War of the Roses (12 decks)

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