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OEA > Lams Questions > Flashcards

Lams Questions Flashcards

1
Q

which of the lenses below is the best sphere?

a) +1.25DS Visual Acuity 6/6-1

b) +0.75DS Visual Acuity 6/6+1

c) +1.00DS Visual Acuity 6/6

d) +1.50DS Visual Acuity 6/9

A

a

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2
Q

A patient’s vision is 6/60. The first lens that should be tried in the best sphere routine is:

a) -0.25

b) +0.25

c) -1.00

d) +1.00

A

d

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3
Q

Best sphere is:

a) The most positive or least negative spherical lens which gives the best possible visual acuity

b) The least positive or most negative spherical lens which gives the best possible visual acuity

c) The most positive or most negative spherical lens which gives the best possible visual acuity

d) The most positive or least negative spherical lens which gives 6/5 acuity

A

a

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4
Q

When doing the best sphere routine on a myope you should:

a) Keep adding minus only if the number of lines read increases

b) Keep adding minus as long as the patient reports it looks clearer

c) Always start with -0.25DS

d) Always keep a minus lens in front of their eye

A

a

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5
Q

look at the ophthalmoscope and record the following below:

a) What brand/manufacturer is your ophthalmoscope ?

b) What is the maximum plus power that can be added to the instrument ?

c) What is the maximum minus power that can be added to the instrument ?

d) What colour is minus and what colour is plus ?

e) List the apertures and filters that are available on your ophthalmoscope

A
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6
Q

a) Where would you need to ask a patient to look if you wanted to examine their superior conjunctiva ?

b) What would you need to ask a patient to do if you wanted to check if there was anything floating in their vitreous ?

c) Which direction would you need to ask a patient to look if you wanted to examine the temporal fundus of the left eye ?

d) Which direction would you need to ask a patient to look if you wanted to examine in inferior nasal fundus of their right eye ?

A

a) Down

b) slowly reduce power until you get past the lens. ask patient to move eye up and down to have the floaters move around just in case they had settled where you cant see

c) ask them to look left

d) ask them to look down and left

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7
Q

What power viewing lens is likely to be needed to observe the fundus clearly in each of the cases below ?

a) Patient and optometrist are both emmetropes

b) Patient is a -2.00 myope and optometrist is a -7.00 myope

c) Patient is a +4.00 hyperope and optometrist is a -7.00 myope

d) Patient is a +3.00 hyperope and optometrist is a -3.00 myope

A

a) 0.00
b) -9.00
c) -3.00
d) 0.00

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8
Q

Label the image:

Disc
Cup
Neuro-retinal rim
artery
vein
macula
foveola

A
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9
Q

When examining a patient’s eye with an ophthalmoscope you should:

a) Remove your glasses

b) Always use your dominant eye

c) Always view from about 10cm

d) Ask the patient to keep their glasses on

A

a

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10
Q

When viewing the fundus

a) The image will be upside down and back to front

b) The field of view will be larger for a myope

c) No lens will be needed if the optometrist and patient are emmetropes

d) Getting further away will improve the view

A

c

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11
Q

When examining the anterior eye the patient is usually asked to:

a) Keep looking straight ahead

b) Move their eyes into 4 positions

c) Move their eyes into 8 positions

d) To blink frequently

A

b

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12
Q

Which of the following structures are usually not clear:

a) Cornea

b) Vitreous

c) Lens

d) Eyelids

A

d

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13
Q

The purpose of the bar aperture is:

a) To differentiate haemorrhage from pigment

b) To get a wider field of view

c) To assess elevation and depression

d) To avoid the patient experiencing glare

A

c

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14
Q

Which of the following is not an advantage of direct ophthalmoscopy:

a) It is portable

b) It gives a 3D view

c) Dilation is not usually required

d) It gives a view which is ‘the right way round’

A

b

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15
Q

Which of the following terms does not refer to a constant misalignment of the eyes ?

a) Tropia

b) Strabismus

c) Squint

d) Phoria

A

d

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16
Q

Regarding fusion which of the following is incorrect:

a) It has sensory and motor elements

b) It is where two retinal images are combined to form one perception

c) It does not occur when a patient has adult onset tropia

d) It does not occur when a patient has a phoria

A

d

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17
Q

If a patient has an esophoria then:

a) One eye constantly turns in

b) One eye constantly turns out

c) It can be observed without disrupting fusion

d) Each eye will turn in, but only when covered

A

d

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18
Q

If a patient has a tropia which of the following does not need to be recorded:

a) Direction

b) Size

c) Recovery

d) Which eye

A

c

19
Q

Phorias and Tropias are measured in:

a) Dioptre Spheres

b) Dioptre Cylinders

c) Prism Dioptres

d) Inches

A

c

20
Q

Which of these patients should you binocular balance?

a) A 65 year old myope

b) A 75 year old hyperope

c) A patient who is has 6/5 corrected vision in one eye and 1/60 corrected vision in the other

d) A 35 year old with hyperopia and astigmatism

A

d

21
Q

Which of the following is unlikely to be caused by an unbalanced prescription ?

a) Eyestrain

b) Headaches

c) Variable vision

d) Watery eyes

A

d

22
Q

When performing Turville Infinity Balance placing +0.25D lens in front of the worst eye caused it to blur further. What should the optometrist do next ?

a) Place a +0.50DS lens in front of the worse eye

b) Place a +0.25DS lens in front of the better eye

c) Place a -0.25DS in front of the worse eye

d) Give up

A

b

23
Q

When performing modified HIC:

a) One eye should always be covered up

b) Fogging is usually achieved with a -1.00DS

c) Plus should be added to the eye not fogged while VA remains the same

d) Vision in the fogged eye will remain stable throughout the procedure

A

c

24
Q

A binocular add is:

a) given if the patient says +0.25DS keeps vision just as clear

b) given if the patient says -0.25DS keeps vision just as clear

c) calculated by subtracting half of the amplitude of accommodation from the working distance

d) given if the patient says +0.25DS blurs vision only slightly

A

a

25
Q

How many dioptres of accommodation does a patient need to read something clearly at 25cm ?

a) 4 dioptres

b) 40 dioptres

c) 2.5 dioptres

d) 0.4 dioptres

A

a

26
Q

You are measuring binocular amplitude of accommodation with an RAF ruler. If the N5 text just blurs and cannot be refocussed at 40cm and then fully clears at 50cm how much accommodation does the patient have ?

a) 2.5 dioptres

b) 2 dioptres

c) 0.25 dioptres

d) 2.25 dioptres

A

d

27
Q

Which of the following is CORRECT ?

a) A sixty year old with 2 dioptres of myopia is likely to be able to see clearly at near with their distance glasses on

b) Myopes do not accommodate

c) A sixty five year old with 2.5 dioptres of hyperopia is likely to see very clearly at near without their glasses on

d) A sixteen year old with 2 dioptres of myopia is likely to see very clearly at near both with and without their glasses

A

d

28
Q

What is the tentative near addition for a patient with a 50cm working distance and a binocular amplitude of 2 dioptres ?

a) +2.00

b) +1.00

c) +1.50

d) No add required

A

b

29
Q

You give a 45 year old patient a +1.00 near addition. This allows them to bring text to about 30cm before it blurs. How far away would you expect them to be able to take N5 before it blurs ?

a) 100cm

b) 50cm

c) 40cm

d) 200cm

A

a

30
Q

A cross cylinder is composed of:

a)Two positive cylinders at 90 degree to each other

b) Two negative cylinders at 90 degrees to each other

c) A positive and a negative cylinder at 45 degrees to each other

d) A positive and a negative cylinder at 90 degrees to each other

A

d

31
Q

In order to check the axis of a cylinder that you have found on retinoscopy using the cross cylinder technique you need to:

a) Hold the minus cross cylinder axis over the trial cylinder axis and twirl

b) Hold the positive cross cylinder axis over the trial cylinder and twirl

c) Hold the handle of the cross cylinder parallel with the trial cylinder and twirl

d) Ensure the patient is fogged

A

c

32
Q

With regard to confirming the axis of a minus cylinder using the cross cylinder technique which of the following is false

a) The bracketing technique should be used

b) The power of the trial cylinder should not affect how much the trial cylinder axis is initially moved by if there is a preference

c) Where the patient has a preference you should move the trial cylinder axis towards the minus axis of the cross cylinder

d) The patient’s vision prior to beginning cross cylinder should affect how much the trial cylinder axis is initially moved by if there is a preference

A

b

33
Q

When checking the power of a trial cylinder found on retinoscopy the patient prefers extra minus power, moving from a -1.00 cylinder to a -1.50 cylinder. Which of the following is correct:

a) The circle of least confusion remains on the retina when the power change is made

b) The circle of least confusion may no longer be on the retina so +0.25 sphere needs to be added to ensure it is

c) The circle of least confusion may no longer be on the retina so -0.25 sphere needs to be added to ensure it is

d) The practitioner needs to start using a larger target

A

b

34
Q

Which of the following do you think is the best instruction to give a patient prior to performing cross cylinder:

a) Look at the circles, I’m going to show you two lenses, tell me which you prefer

b) Look at the circles, I’ll show you two lenses, let me know which you think is sharper and blacker

c) Look at the circles, which of these two lenses are better, 1 or 2, don’t worry if there’s no difference

d) Look at the circles, I’m going to show you two lenses, please tell me which lens makes the circles clearer and rounder. Don’t worry if there is no difference.

A

d

35
Q

Which of the following is true regarding duochrome ?

a) Red focusses in front of green because it has a lower refractive index

b) Red focusses in front of green because it has a higher refractive index

c) Green focusses in front of red because it has a higher refractive index

d) Green focusses in front of red because it has a lower refractive index

A

c

36
Q

If a patient reports the circles on the green background are clearer which of the following lenses is likely to make the red the clearest ?

a) -0.25DS

b) -0.50DS

c) +0.25DS

d) +0.50DS

A

d

37
Q

Which of the following +1.00 test results suggests a myopic patient is over-minused:

a) 6/9+2

b) 6/18+2

c) 6/18

d) 6/36

A

a

38
Q

Which of the following will not affect a patient’s +1.00 result

a) Pupil size

b) Colour Blindness

c) Being a ‘trigger happy’ observer

d) Being a ‘conservative’ observer

A

b

39
Q

Which of the below is correct ?

a) Over-minusing is the same as over-plussing and Under-minusing is the same as under-plussing

b) Over-minusing is the same as under-minusing and Over-plussing is the same as under-plussing

c) Over-minusing is the same as under-plussing and Over-plussing is the same as under-minusing

d) Over-minusing is the same as under-plussing and Under-minusing is the same as under-plussing

A

c

40
Q

Which of the following is true regarding best sphere on an eye with uncorrected astigmatism ?

a) It places the eye in a state of compound hyperopic astigmatism

b) It places the eye in a state of simple myopic astigmatism

c) It places the eye in a state of mixed astigmatism

d) It places the eye in a state of simple hyperopic astigamtism

A

c

41
Q

If the true cylinder power is less than what you have estimated then when you place this in the trial frame the patient will report:

a) The block perpendicular to the clearest fan line is clearest

b) Both blocks are clear

c) The block parallel to the clearest fan line are clearest

d) Both blocks are blurry

A

a

42
Q

The fogging lens:

a) Should put the anterior (front) focal line on the retina

b) Is likely to place the eye in a state of slight compound myopic astigmatism

c) Is the amount of estimated astigmatism added as a positive sphere

d) Should not affect vision, if it does you have made a mistake

A

b

43
Q

If the limbs of the Maddox V are not equal you should:

a) Move it towards the clearer line

b) Start block and fan again

c) Recheck your best sphere

d) Move it towards the least clear line

A

d

OEA (1 decks)

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