Lake District Geology Flashcards
How many years ago was the geological process did the Lake District formed?
How was slate formed?
How was limestone formed?
How was sandstone formed?
500 million years of geological processes have produced a physical landscape of mountains and lakes of great scenic beauty.
Slate developed from sediments in oceans and seas.
limestone was formed by the deposition of dead crustaceans.
sandstone was created in desert conditions.
How were the Mountains, lakes and valleys formed?
- first through different stages of folding and uplifting
then by the actions of glaciers and meltwater.
The Skiddaw Group.
When was it formed?
From what?
Skiddaw Group
the oldest rocks in the Lake District.
formed as black muds and sands settling on the seabed about 500 million years ago.
When and how were the Borrowdale Volcanic Group formed?
Borrowdale Volcanic Group
central Lake District,
the ‘Borrowdale Volcanics’ are very hard lavas and ashes formed in catastrophic eruptions about 450 million years ago.
They make up the highest and craggiest mountains: Scafell, Helvellyn and the Langdale Pikes.
not the remains of the original volcanoes - they are the harder volcanic rocks that have withstood erosion.
How and when were the Windermere Group formed?
Windermere Group
Sedimentary mudstones, sandstones, siltstones and some limestone formed in the sea about 420 million years ago.
These were later folded and faulted, pushed up, and eroded down to their present levels former the gentler scenery of southern Lakeland.
How and when was Granite formed?
Granite
Huge masses of granite formed about 400 million years ago deep below the Lake District. Erosion has revealed outcrops in Eskdale, Ennerdale and at Shap.
How and when was Limestone formed?
Limestone
320 million years ago a tropical sea covered the Lake District.
The shell remains of incredible numbers of small animals formed limestone
which is visible at Whitbarrow Scar and Scout Scar in the south of the National Park.
How and why. are there so many lakes?
Why are there so many lakes?
The Lake District has over fourteen lakes and tarns.
The Lake District’s volcanic rock does not allow water to seep away.
The high rainfall, combined with the extra deep glacial valleys, means that the valleys are able to store large volumes of water.
What Ocean was the Lake District once at the bottom of?
What fusion occurred surrounding the Ocean?
What did it set off?
The Lake District was once at the bottom of the deep Iapetus Ocean, south of the Equator.
the fusion of the three continents surrounding this ocean set off an arc of volcanoes along a huge mountain chain.
The rocky crags overlooking Coniston today were born out of those volcanoes.
