Lake District case study

Question 1

what are the three main groups of rock found in the Lake District?

Answer 1

Skiddaw slates
Borrowdale Volcanics
Windmere Group

Question 2

how and when were the skiddaw slates formed?

Answer 2

black muds and sands settled on the sea beds
500 million years

Question 3

how and when were the borrowdale volcanic rocks formed?

Answer 3

hard lava and ash formed in major eruption
450 million years ago

Question 4

how and when were the windermere group formed?

Answer 4

sedimentary mudstones, sand stones, slip stones and limestones formed in the sea around 420 million years ago
over time they have been folded, faulted, pushed up and eroded down to their current level

Question 5

how and when was the granite present formed?

Answer 5

intruded 400 million deep below the Lake District
erosion had revealed outcrops in Eskdale, Ennerdale and Shap

Question 6

how and when was the skeletal remains present formed?

Answer 6

320 million years ago, a tropical sea covered the Lake District
shell and skeletal remains of huge numbers of small marine animals formed the caniferous limestone which crops out at Whitbarrow + Yewbarrow

Question 7

what is the Helvellyn Range?

Answer 7

11km long ridge that is over 600m high, with numerous glacial erosional landforms

Question 8

describe the pyramidal peak in Helvellyn range.

Answer 8

920m above sea level
lacks more than 2 corries
not very sharp unlike most pyramidal peaks as it was completely covered with ice as it was formed in the coldest part of the glacial period

Question 9

Describe the Red Tarn corrie.

Answer 9

eastern side of summit of Helvellyn
steep back wall, striding edge

Question 10

what is on the west side of helvellyn range?

Answer 10

a series of truncated spurs and hanging valleys after a glacier occupied a trought hat is now occupied by Thirlmere

Question 11

what are the drumlin fields like in the Lake District?

Answer 11

lie of carniferous rocks
can range from 50-125m high
200-400m long

Question 12

why are there so many drumlin fields in the Lake District?

Answer 12

the ice moved radially in all directions

Question 13

where are the drumlin fields found?

Answer 13

vast area
Southwards to Lancashire
Eastwards to north yorkshire
Northwest wards to Solway firth

Question 14

give an example of an erratic in the Lake District

Answer 14

Norber erractice in Irthlingborough, transported 25 miles

Question 15

where can a lateral moraine be found in the Lake District?

Answer 15

found at bank of Langswrath Valley

Question 16

where can a medial moraine be found in the Lake District?

Answer 16

run down centre of Wythburn Valley

Question 17

where can a recessional moraine be found in the Lake District?

Answer 17

at the end of blea water tarn

Question 18

where can a terminal moraine be found in the Lake District?

Answer 18

the naddle valley

Question 19

example of glacial trough

Answer 19

ice from Red Tarn flowed to Glenriding Valley

Question 20

example of meltwater lake

Answer 20

Ullswater from Glenriding valley trough