Lag. Develop. Chpt. 8 Flashcards
The silent period is:
A time where the student focuses on comprehension and there is very little output
A process in which a communicative behavior from the first language is carried over the second language is called:
Transfer
Which one of the following is FALSE about interlanguage?
It is a sign of linguistic confusion because students inconsistent errors based upon the linguistic environment they are in at the moment
When specific language “errors” remain firmly entrenched in a speaker’s output despite strong proficiency in the second language, _____ occurs.
Fossilization
Which of the following is FALSE about code-switching?
Code-switching is usually a clinically significant sign of DLD because the speaker is manifesting word retrieval problems.
A second language acquisition phenomenon often experienced by students from marginalized communities whose members have limited access to the political and economic institutions of the dominant group is:
language loss of the first language
The process that occurs when a child learns two languages from infancy onward is called:
Simultaneous bilingual acquisition
Which of the following is FALSE about the sequential bilingual acquisition?
Sequential bilingual learners rarely have difficulty with the cognitive demands of the classroom as long as they have “peer buddies” to support them
Which of the following is/are TRUE about Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)?
(Both A & C) It was originally believed that typically developing second language learners took 2-3 years to develop BICS to a level commensurate with that of native second language speakers; BICS is context-embedded communication that children develop for social interaction in daily life
An example of the use of BICS by an EL child might be:
“I’m so glad it’s lunchtime and we’re in the cafeteria. Want one of my cookies?”
Which one of the following is FALSE about cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP)?
It assumes a shared reality between the learner and the information being learned.
Cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP)?
(Both A & C) Assumes that the listener brings certain background knowledge to the learning situation; CALP is characterized by specialized vocabulary, grammar, and discourse patterns
EL students may be vulnerable to academic failure in the classroom setting because:
(Both B & C) They are placed into submersion or sink-or-swim classrooms where only English is spoken and academic material is difficult to comprehend; Initial exposure to English in school often targets language skills in context-reduced situations
EL students who may take longer than average to develop BICS and CALP are:
(Both B & C) Those whose families are experiencing poverty; Those who have had minimal preschool experience
Research indicates that skills in the second language may develop asynchronously. For example, a second language skill that often develops fairly quickly is:
Phonological skill
Research indicates that skill areas that may take longer (in ELs) to reach a level commensurate with those of monolingual English-speaking peers are:
Vocabulary, acquisition of grammatical morphemes
Development of skills in the second language depends on multiple variables such as:
(All of the above) language learning aptitude; Maternal education; Length of exposure to English in school
Researchers widely agree that children with DLD (no matter what the language background) show. a specific delay in ____.
Onset of expressive language
Which one of the following is NOT a widely-observed characteristic of DLD in children of varying language backgrounds?
Intellectual disability
Researchers have defined ___ as a system of symbols used to represent concepts formed through exposure and experience.
Language
Factors that might cause an EL child to appear DLD when they are not include:
(All of the above) Poverty; Lack of preschool experience; Trauma exposure
The situation where multiple healthcare workers from different professional background work to provide high quality care across settings is:
Interprofessional collaborative practice
The law that mandates the use of culturally and linguistically appropriate tools to prevent the inappropriate identification and mislabeling of ethnically and linguistically diverse students is:
2004 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
The use of a process based on a child’s response to scientific, research-based intervention whose goal is to minimize over-identification and prevent unnecessary referrals to special education is ___.
Response to intervention
The ___ approach to assessment evaluates a student’s ability to learn over time when provided with instruction.
Dynamic
Which of the following is NOT the responsibility of an interpreter?
Diagnosis of language difference vs. DLD in an EL student
Which one of the following should SLPs NOT do when working with interpreters to assess the language skills of an EL student with potential DLD?
Don’t specify in the assessment report that an interpreter was used: this violates the student’s privacy
In a(n) ___, students are taught academic subjects in English that is supported by a variety of visual and kinesthetic cues.
Sheltered English classroom
Which of the following is/are TRUE about intervention for ELs with DLD?
(Both A & C) It is necessary to target both English and the first language in intervention to promote fluent bilingual skills; It is important to develop both academic and social language skills
In therapy for ELs with DLD, clinicians should target the improvement of the cognitive underpinnings of language. These are:
Attention, memory, and speed of processing
