Lachlan Macquarie

Question 1

When did Macquarie become Governor of New South Wales and why

Answer 1

1st January 1810 due to Rum Rebellion overthrowing Governor Bligh in 1809.

Question 2

What did Macquarie build in his first few years as Governor and when

Answer 2

Barracks - 1810
Roads - 1811
Hospital - 1813

Question 3

When did Macquarie’s governorship end

Answer 3

Left in 1822

Question 4

Which group did he remove and why

Answer 4

New South Wales Corps as they had gone corrupt and controlled the economy (Rum was £)

Question 5

How did Macquarie treat emancipists and what is evidence of this

Answer 5

Supported them by

• decreasing corporate punishment
• allowed them to return to previous rank in society
• gave speeches upon arrival explaining virtues and system of reward for good behaviour
• issues land grants and early pardons
• ex-convict surgeon William Redfern delivered his wife’s baby

Question 6

What did Macquarie make a proclamation against

Answer 6

cohabitation without marriage. Over the years, economy improved as women had increased status due to inheriting husband’s businesses and less pregnant women relied on government store which previously had drained supplies.

Question 7

What was Macquarie’s attitude to alcohol

Answer 7

Tried to limit consumption by limiting sale of alcohol - reduced traffic in spirits but didnt solve the rum addictions

Question 8

When did Macquarie introduce currency

Answer 8

First shipment of coins sent out in 1812 - replaced ‘promissory notes’ and rum as currency

Question 9

what 3 things did Macquarie set up to improve the economy

Answer 9

• Commissariat - main voice of investment in colony
• Bank - 1816
• Marketplace in Sydney - 1810

Question 10

What did Macquarie do to help relations with the Aboriginals

Answer 10

Set up the “Native Institute” (school for aboriginals), a village for them at Elizabeth Bay and a farm for them at George’s Head

Question 11

Did Macquarie improve relations with the Aboriginals

Answer 11

No - on going guerrilla conflict at the white settlement at Hawkesbury, policy failed as the aboriginals were ungrateful and hostile so the military “chastised” them.

Question 12

How many works did Macquarie claim to have done by 1822

Answer 12

265

Question 13

What did the Exclusives complain about regarding Macquarie

Answer 13

How many tickets of leave he gave out and his liberal attitude to pardons

Question 14

What did he receive criticism for

Answer 14

He was criticised for his leniency on convicts i.e giving out excessive pardons and land grants -> Bigge Report -> New South Wales Act 1823