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Erin's Acid/Base > Labs and Equations > Flashcards

Labs and Equations Flashcards

1
Q

Na+ serum values

A

135-145

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2
Q

K+ serum values

A

3.5-5

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3
Q

Cl- serum values

A

95-105

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4
Q

HCO3- (bicarb values)

A

22-28

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5
Q

BUN serum values

A

7-18

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6
Q

Cr serum values

A

0.6-1.2

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7
Q

Normal pH

A

7.35-7.45

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8
Q

Normal PaCO2

A

35-45

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9
Q

Normal PaO2

A

80-100

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10
Q

HCO3

A

21-27

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11
Q

Normal Anion Gap

A

10-12mEq/L (+/- 2)

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12
Q

Causes of metabolic acidosis with Anion Gap

A 
Methanol
Uremia
DKA/ETOH
Propylene Glycol
Isoniazid
Lactate
Ethylene Glycol
Rhabdo
Salicylates
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13
Q

Causes of metabolic acidosis with Non-Anion Gap

A 
Ureterosigmoidostomy
Saline
Endocrine
Diarrhea
Carbonic Anhydrase
Renal Tubular Necrosis
Ammonium Chloride
Pancreatitis

Bromide
Hypoalbuminemia
Plasma Cell dysfunction

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14
Q

Winter’s Equation

A

pCO2 = (1.5 x HCO3) +8 (+/-2)

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15
Q

Calculated Anion Gap

A

AG = [Na+ - (Cl- + HCO3)]

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16
Q

Excess AG

A

AG excess = TAG - [NAG + HCO3]

17
Q

Delta GAP

A

Delta Gap = [TAG-NAG] / [Normal HCO3 - Total HCO3]

18
Q

What does Winter’s formula tell you?

A

If the disorder is appropriately compensated? Or is there another disorder present?

19
Q

When do you calculate AG?

A

For metabolic acidosis

20
Q

What does excess AG tell you? And what are the values to give you underlying information?

A

Excess AG > 26; pt has underlying metabolic alkalosis

Excess AG<22; pt has underlying metabolic acidosis

21
Q

What does Delta Gap tell you?

A

If your pt with an elevated AG metabolic acidosis also has an underlying metabolic alkalosis.

22
Q

4 Delta Gap Rules

A
  • D Gap between 1 and 2, then pure elev. AG acidosis. –> Think MUDPILERS!
  • D Gap 2, simult met alk or chronic resp acidosis
23
Q

Causes of Respiratory Acidosis

A 
Hypercapnea
Hypoventilation/Acute Resp Failure
CNS depressants
Airway Obstruction
ALS/Guillain-Barre/Myasthenia Gravis
24
Q

Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis

A

Hyperventilation
Ventilation-Perfusion (V/Q) mismatch
CNS Disorders
Altitute/Anxiety/Pregnancy (late)

Erin's Acid/Base (1 decks)

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