Labs

Question 1

BUN

Normal

Reason for High

Reason for Low

Answer 1

10-20

Increase: Indicates the Kidney are not working well. CKD - Dehydration - GI bleed - High nitrogen tube feeds

Decrease: Overhydration - Liver Damage - Poor Protein Malnutrition

Question 2

Creatinine

Normal

Reason for High

Reason for Low

Answer 2

0.8 - 1.3

Increase: Kidney disease or failure -Pyelonephritis

Decrease: Low protein diet-muscle wasting

Question 3

Sodium

Normal

Reason for High

Reason for Low

Answer 3

135-145

Increase: Dehydration and Fluid loss

Decrease: FVE- To much water - Renal failure - Heart failure

Question 4

Potassium

Normal

Reason for High

Reason for Low

Answer 4

3.5 - 5.0

Increase: Renal Impairment - Medications - Adrenal Insufficiency - Exercise muscle breakdown

Decrease: Diuretics -DV - Malnutrition

Question 5

Glucose

Normal

Reason for High

Reason for Low

Answer 5

70 - 110

High: DM - Stress- Steroids

Low: NPO - Insulin Overdose

Question 6

WBC

Normal

Reason for High

Reason for Low

Answer 6

5-10k

Increase: Infections - Inflammation

Decrease: Cancer - Autoimmune Disease

Question 7

Hemoglobin

Normal

Reason for High

Reason for Low

Answer 7

12-16 F

14-18 M

Increase: Polycythemia Vera - COPD - Body compensating from not getting enough O2

Decrease: Anemia - Blood Loss

Question 8

Hematocrit

Normal

Reason for High

Reason for Low

Answer 8

40-51

Increase: Dehydration - Polycythemia

Decrease: Anemia - Blood Loss - CKD

Question 9

Platelets

Normal

Answer 9

150-400k

Question 10

INR

Normal

Reason for High

Reason for Low

Answer 10

0.9 - 1.1

Increase: This means your blood is clotting more slowly then normal

Decrease: This means you are clotting more quickly

Question 11

What is a CBC

Answer 11

A complete blood count

RBC
WBC
Platelets
Hgb
Hct

Question 12

What is BMP

Answer 12

Basic Metabolic Panel

Glucose
Bun
Elec
CO2

Question 13

What is CMP

Answer 13

Complete Metabolic Panel

Elect
Liver function
Kidney function

Question 14

Urinalysis

Answer 14

Bilirubin
Glucose
RBC
WBC
Oder
Color
pH
Protein
Nitrates
Specific gravity

Question 15

Hgb AIC

Answer 15

Diabetes over the last 3 months

Less than 5 = Normal

6-7 = Well controlled

Above 7 = Great

Question 16

Malnutrition vs Malabsorption

Answer 16

Malnutrition is patient is not eating

Malabsorption patient is not absorbing

Question 17

What are the nutrition labs

Answer 17

Albumin

Protein

Pre-Albumin

Electrolytes

H&H

Question 18

Labs for systemic inflammation

Answer 18

ESR

CRP

Question 19

PTT

Answer 19

Normal: 25-35

High = longer to clot

Question 20

Ca

Normal

High

Low

Answer 20

9-10

Hyperparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism

Question 21

Albumin Range

Answer 21

3.5-5.5