labour

Question 1

Engagement

Answer 1

when the fetus head passes through the pelvic inlet.

nulliparous: happens before labour as firm abdominal muscles direct head to pelivs

multiparous: muscles more relaxed, head remains above pelvis to move freely

Question 2

Descent

Answer 2

the process of presenting through the pelvis.

happens in first stage of labor during latent phase increases in active phase when cervix is 5-7 cm dialated

Question 3

Flexation

Answer 3

refers to the fetus head encountering resistance from the cervix, pelvic floor causing the fetus to flex chin to chest

Question 4

Internal Rotation

Answer 4

rotating from occiput transverse to occupit. Happens at the isheal spine and completed when presenting part comes into contact with lower pelvis

Question 5

Extension

Answer 5

Stage of birth when head reaches perineum.

Question 6

Restitution and external rotation

Answer 6

head return back to its state while inlet. shoulders descend similar to head.

Question 7

Expulsion

Answer 7

almost immediately after external rotation, the anterior shoulder moves out and the trunk of the fetus is flexed out

Question 8

Latent

Answer 8

Cervix opens to 5cm
contractions mild and lasts 30-45 seconds
5-10 minutes apart

Question 9

Active

Answer 9

cervix dilates 4-7cm
contractions 40-60 seconds
3-5 minutes apart

Question 10

Transition

Answer 10

cervix dilated to 10cm
contractions 60-90 seconds
30 seconds rest in between

Question 11

Duration

Answer 11

time elapsed between onset and end of contraction

measured in seconds (45-80, no longer than 90)

Question 12

Frequency

Answer 12

2-5 contractions per 10 minute period

Question 13

Intensity

Answer 13

strength of contraction at its peak, determined by palpation or IUPC. measured in mmHg

Question 14

Resting tone

Answer 14

tension in the uterine muscles between contraction and relaxation points. 10mmHg is average tone during labour

Question 15

Gravida

Answer 15

pregnant woman

Question 16

Gravidity

Answer 16

pregnancy

Question 17

Multigravida

Answer 17

woman who has had more than two pregnancies

Question 18

Multipara

Answer 18

woman who has completed two or more pregnancies past 20 weeks of gestation

Question 19

Nulligravida

Answer 19

woman who has never been pregnant and not currently pregnant

Question 20

nullipara

Answer 20

woman who has not completed a pregnancy past 20 weeks

Question 21

Primigravida

Answer 21

woman who is pregnant for the first time

Question 22

Primipara

Answer 22

woman who has completed one pregnancy past 20 weeks gestation

Question 23

Viability

Answer 23

capacity to live outside the uterus, occurring about 22 to 25 weeks of gestation

Question 24

Term

Answer 24

pregnancy from the beginning of 37 weeks gestation to the end of week 40 + 6 days

Question 25

Pre term

Answer 25

a pregnancy that has reached 20 weeks but not 36

Question 26

Early term

Answer 26

between 36 and 28 weeks

Question 27

Breech

Answer 27

Cephalic, shoulder, breech presentation,

Question 28

Frank Breech

Answer 28

legs pointed up with feet by baby head so bottom would emerge first

Question 29

Complete breech

Answer 29

legs folded with feet at level of baby bottom

Question 30

Footling Breech

Answer 30

One or both feet down so legs emerge first

Question 31

involution

Answer 31

return of uterus in non-pregnant state

Question 32

speed of involution

Answer 32

24 hours pp- similar to at 20 weeks of gestation
1-2 cm every 24 hours

Question 33

HTN in pregnancy

Answer 33

140/90 or greater, taken twice, 15 min apart

Question 34

Severe HTN

Answer 34

160/110