Laboratory Techniques In Histopathology

Question 1

Who is an anatomical pathologist

Answer 1

a laboratory physician who examines tissues by the use of morphologic, immunologic and molecular techniques to make diagnosis.
He is responsible for the quality assurance and accuracy of laboratory tests

Question 2

List the three major services provided in the anatomical pathology laboratory

Answer 2

1) Surgical and histopathology
2) Cytopathology
3) mortuary services

Question 3

Techniques in histopathology

Answer 3

1) light microscopy
2) histochemistry
3) immunohistochemistry
4) fluorescence microscopy
5) Electron microscopy
6) flow cytometry
7) tissue culture

Question 4

Tissue taken from patients are processed sections of this are cut and placed on glass slide using __________ and stained with ________

Answer 4

Microtome and stained with haematoxylin and eosin stain (H and E)

Question 5

Steps in tissue processing

Answer 5

Dehydration
Clearing
Infiltration/ impregnating
Embedding

Question 6

List the routine stains

Answer 6

Haematoxylin and eosin stain (H and E)

Question 7

Eosin stains _______ color________
Hematoxylin stains _________ color _______

Answer 7

Cytoplasm pink
Nucleus blue

Question 8

Liver requires three special stains

Answer 8

Perl’s Prussian blue stain (to exclude iron deposition),
•Trichome stain (to demonstrate collagen deposition to exclude liver cirrhosis) and
•Reticulin stain (to demonstrate collapse of the lobules as it occurs in hepatitis and Necrotizing lesion in glomerulonephritis).

Question 9

Special stain and disease condition for tissues with muscin

Answer 9

PAS periodic acid schiff diastase stain / mucicarmine
Muscinous adenocarcinomas

Question 10

Special stain and disease condition for tissues with fibrin

Answer 10

Reticulin stain
Necrotizing lesion in glomerulonephritis

Question 11

Special stain and disease condition for tissues with amyloid

Answer 11

Congo red stain
Amyloidosis

Question 12

Special stain and disease condition for tissues with helicobacter pylori infection

Answer 12

Modified giemsa stain
Chronic gastritis

Question 13

Special stain and disease condition for tissues with hemosiderin, iron

Answer 13

Perls Prussian blue stain
Haemochromatosis

Question 14

Special stain and disease condition for tissues with connective tissue fibers

Answer 14

Mason’s trichome
Liver cirrhosis

Question 15

What stain shows the presence of hepatitis B

Answer 15

Immunohisto chemical stain

Question 16

Techniques used in cytopathology

Answer 16

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of solid masses
Gynaecological cytopathology (PAP smear)
Exfoliative cytology: fluids from ascites, pleural effusion, CSF etc