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CCHM LAB PRELIM > Laboratory Safety And Regulations > Flashcards

Laboratory Safety And Regulations Flashcards

1
Q

Responsible for creating or preparing different set of standards across all different occupation or professions

A

OSHA or Occupational Safety and Health Administration

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2
Q

Responsible for setting specific standard we follow in laboratory

A

CLSI or Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute

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3
Q

Formerly NCCLS

A

CLSI

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4
Q

In charge for implementing different laws pertaining public health

A

CDC or Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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5
Q

Within the US Department of Labor to set levels of safety and health for all workers in the US

A

OSHA

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6
Q

A nonprofit organization that sets voluntary consensus standards for all areas or clinical laboratories

A

CLSI

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7
Q

Responsible for accreditation and proficiency testing for laboratories

A

CAP

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8
Q

Training safety officers

A

OSHC

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9
Q

Source of chemical

A

Preservatives and reagents

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10
Q

Possible injury from chemica

A

Exposure toxic, carcinogenic, or caustic agents

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11
Q

Source of sharps

A

Needles, lancet, broken glass

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12
Q

Possible injury from sharps

A

Cuts, puncture, bloodborne pathogen

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13
Q

Source of electrical

A

Ungrounded or wet equipment; frayed cords

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14
Q

Possible injury from electrical

A

Burns or shock

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15
Q

Source of fire or explosive

A

Bunsen burners, organic chemicals

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16
Q

Possible injury from fire?

A

Burns, dismemberment

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17
Q

Source of physical

A

Wet floor, heavy boxes

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18
Q

Possible injury from physical

A

Fall, sprain, or strain

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19
Q

Source from radiation

A

Equipmeny and radioisotopes

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20
Q

Possible injury from radiation

A

Radiation exposure

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21
Q

Source of biological

A

Infectious agents

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22
Q

Possible injury for biological

A

Bacterial
Fungal
Viral
Parasitic

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23
Q

Includes pathogens on the hands of medical personnels, invasive procedures

A

Iatrogenic risk factors

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24
Q

Contaminated air conditioning systems, contaminated water systems , phitos, and staffing amf physoci

A

Organizational risk factors

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25
Q

Severity of ill ess, underlying state of the patient

A

Patoent risk factors

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26
Q

Enumerate potential hazards

A
  • electric schock
  • toxic vapors
  • compressed gases
  • flammable liquids
  • radioactive material
  • mechanical trauma
  • Poisons
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27
Q

A federal agency that carries out mandated public health laws and reporting requirements.

A

CDC or Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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28
Q

An independent, not-for-profit organization that accredits and certifies
health-care organizations and programs in the United States.

A

The Joint Commission

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29
Q

Infection control team

A

National Standards in Infection Control for Healthcare Facilities

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30
Q

What are the primary cause of accident

A
  • unsafe acts
  • Unsafe environmental conditions
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31
Q

What is the first rule of self protection?

A

Alertness at all times

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32
Q

Rule of self protection

A
  • stay informed
  • use common sense
  • listen to any instructions
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33
Q

What are the preventive measures

A
  • annual safety reviews
  • Safety drills
  • general consciousness
  • appropriate to safety rules
  • safe work environment
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34
Q

What are the universal practices?

A
  • wearing of gloves
  • proper handwashing
  • wear laboratory coat
  • do not eat, drink, smoke, apply cosmetics, touch your contact lens
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35
Q

Example of safety equipments

A

Safety shower, eyewash station, fire extinguisher

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36
Q

Used to manipulate liquids

A

Mechanical pippetting device

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37
Q

Required to expel noxious and hazardous fumes from chemical reagents

A

Fume hoods

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38
Q

To locate no flow or tubulent areas in the working space

A

Smoke testing

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39
Q

All clinical lab should have

A
  • chemical hygiene plan
  • exposure control plan
  • copy of MSDS
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40
Q

Component of chemical label

A
  1. statement of hazard
  2. hazard class
  3. safety precaution
  4. NFPA hazard code
  5. fire extinguisher type
  6. Safety instructions
  7. Formula weight
  8. Lot number
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41
Q

How do you check the airflow direction?

A

Place tissue paper at the hood opening

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42
Q

Remove particles that may be harmful to the employee who is working with potentially infectious biologic specimens

A

Biosafety cabinet

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43
Q

Enumerate chemical hygiene plan

A
  • training and information requirement of the OSHA standard
  • appropriate work practices
  • list of chemicals in the inventory
  • available of MSDS
  • labelling requirements
  • record keeping requirement
  • engineering controls
  • waste removal and disposal
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44
Q

Enumerate exposure control plan

A
  • chemical hazard education sessions
  • laboratory written plank
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45
Q

Biological safety

A
  • all samples and body fluids should be transported, handled, and processed using strict precautions
  • gloves, gowns, and face protection must be used if splash or splattering is likely to occur
  • specimen should be capped during centrifugation
  • any blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious material spill must be cleaned up
46
Q

Daily expisure to blood and body fluids

A

Category I

47
Q

No exposure to blood and body fluid

A

Category III

48
Q

Regular exposure to blood and body fluids

A

Category II

49
Q

What are the 2 safety against exposure to toxic channel

A
  • hazard communication standard
  • toxic chemicals
50
Q

What is the Hazard communication standard?

A
  • hazard communication program
  • chemical hygiene plan
  • inventory of hazardous substances
51
Q

What are the toxic materials?

A
  • labelling of containers
  • information and training
  • program or hazard communication
52
Q

Component of chemical label

A
  • statement of hazard
  • hazard class
  • safety precaution
  • NFPA hazard code
  • fire extinguisher type
  • safety instructions
  • formula weight
  • lot number
53
Q

Hazard rating scheme

A

0 - minimal hazard
1 - slight hazard
2 - moderate hazard
3 - serious hazard
4 - severe hazard

54
Q

What is the color of health?

A

Blue

55
Q

What is the color of flammability?

A

Red

56
Q

What is the color of reactivity?

A

Yellow

57
Q

Color of Personal protectuono

A

White

58
Q

Communicates chemical hazard information through the use of colors, numbers, and letters of the alphabet

A

Health materials identification system

59
Q

What is the target audience of HMIS?

A

Intended to be used by employers and workers

60
Q

Label shape of HMIS

A

Bar shape

61
Q

Label shape of NFPA

A

Diamond shape

62
Q

Health hazard communication of NFPA

A

Only covers acute health hazards

63
Q

Health hazard communication of HMIS

A

Covers both acute and chronic health hazards

64
Q

Hazards of exploding bomb

A
  • explosives
  • self reactive
  • organic peroxide
65
Q

General meaning of exploding bomb

A

Can explode

66
Q

Caution of exploding bomb

A

Avoid impact vibration, friction, sparks, fire and exposure to heat

67
Q

Hazards of flame

A
  • flammable
  • pyrophoric
  • self heating
  • emits flammable gas
  • self reactive
  • organic peroxides
68
Q

General meaning of flame

A

Theae chemicals burn or can release gases that burn

69
Q

Caution of flame

A

Keep away from flames, sparks, and sources of heat

70
Q

Hazard of flame over circle

A

Oxidizers

71
Q

General meaning of flame over circle

A

Give off oxygen and can make a fire spread

72
Q

Caution of flame over circle

A

Avoid all contact with flammable substances

73
Q

Hazards of gas cylinder

A

Gases under pressure

74
Q

General meaning of gases cylinder

A

Gases and liquids under pressure can explode.

75
Q

Hazards of corrosion/ caustic effect

A
  • skin corrosion/burns
  • eye damage
  • corrosive to metals
76
Q

General meaning of corrosion

A

These chemicals cause permanent damage to skin or eyes. It destroys metals

77
Q

Caution of corrosion/caustic effect

A

Take special measures to avoid contact with eyes, skin, snd clothing

78
Q

Hazard of skull and crossbones

A

Acute toxicity

79
Q

General meaning of skull and crossbones

A

These chemicals are poisons that quickly cause sickness or death.

80
Q

Caution of skull and crossbones

A

Avoid contact with the human body

81
Q

Hazards of exclamation mark

A
  • irritant (skin and eye)
  • skin sensitizer
  • acute toxicity
  • narcotic effects
  • respiratory tract irritant
  • hazardous to ozone layer
82
Q

Geneeal meaning of exclamation mark

A

These chemicals cause health problems

83
Q

Caution of exclamation mark

A

Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Do not inhale vapors

84
Q

Hazards of health hazard

A
  • carcinogen
  • mutagenicity
  • reproductive toxicty
  • respiratory sensitizer
  • target organ toxicity
  • aspiration toxicity
85
Q

Hazards of environment

A
  • aquatic toxicity
86
Q

General meaning of environment

A

These chemicals are dangerous if they get into rivers, lakes, or oceans

87
Q

Safety Data Sheet

A

Section 1: identification
Section 2: hazard identification
Section 3: ingredients information
Section 4: first aid procedures
Section 5: fire fighting procedures
Section 6: accidental release measures
Section 7: handling and storage
Section 8: exposure controls wnd personal protection
Section 9: physical and chemical properties
Section 10: stability and reactivty
Section 11: toxicological information
Section 12: ecological information
Section 13: disposal considerations
Section 14: transport information
Section 15: regulatory information
Section 16: other information, including date of preparation or last revision

88
Q

Classified according to flashpoint - the temperature at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitable mixture with air

A

Flammable/combustible chemicals

89
Q

Injurious to the skin or eyes by direct contact or to the tissue of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts if inhaled or ingested

A

Corrosive chemicals

90
Q

Spontaneously explode or ignite or that evolve heat or flammable or explosive gases

A

Reactive chemicals

91
Q

Examples of compressed gases hazards

A
  • danger of fire
  • explosion
  • asphyxiation
  • mechanical injuries
92
Q

PASS

A

P - pull pin
A - aim nozzle
S - squeeze trigger
S - sweep nozzle

93
Q

Class A

A

Green triangle

94
Q

Class B

A

Red square

95
Q

Class C

A

Blue circle

96
Q

Class D

A

Yellow star

97
Q

Class K

A

Black hexagon

98
Q

Pressurized water

A

Type A

99
Q

Dry chemical

A

Type ABC

100
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

Type BC

101
Q

Example of Class A

A

Wood, paper, cloth, rubber, trash, and plastics

102
Q

Example of class B

A

Flammable liquids, solvents, oil, gasoline, paints

103
Q

Example of Class C

A

Electrical equipment - wiring, controls, motors

104
Q

RACE

A

R - resuce anyone in immediate danger
A - alarm
C - contain
E - extunguish or Exit the area

105
Q

Most widely used cryogenic fluid in the lab

A

Liquid nitrogen

106
Q

It may cause fire or explosion, asphyxiation, pressure buildup, tissue damage

A

Cryogenix materials

107
Q

Help eliminate bumping/boilover when liquids are heated

A

Glass beads

108
Q

Disposed in osha

A

Infectious sharps

109
Q

What are the 4 basic waste disposal technique

A
  • Flushing down the drain
  • incineration
  • landfill burial
  • recycling
110
Q

In cleaning potentially infectious material spill, you must

A
  • wear appropriate protective equipment
  • use mechanical devices to pick up broken glass or other sharp objects
  • absorb spills with paper towels, gauze pad, or tissue
  • dispose all materials in appropriate biohazard containers

CCHM LAB PRELIM (5 decks)

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