Laboratory Safety Flashcards
Types of safety hazard:
Source: infections agents
Biological hazard
Types of safety hazard
Possible injury: bacterial, fungal, viral, or parasitic infections
Biological hazard
Types of safety hazard
Source: needles, lancets, and broken glass
Sharp
Types OF hazards
Biological
Sharp
Chemical
Radioactive
Electrical
Fire
Physical
Types of safety hazard
Possible injury: cuts, punctures or bloodborne pathogen exposure
Sharp
Types of safety hazard
Possible injury: exposure to toxic carcinogenic or caustic agents
Chemical
Types of safety hazard
Possible injury: radiation exposure
Radioactive
Types of safety hazard
Possible injury: burns or shock
Electrical
Types of safety hazard
Possible injury: burns or dismemberment
Fire
Types of safety hazard
Possible injury: falls, sprains and strains
Physical
Types of safety hazard
Source: preservatives and reagents
Chemical
Types of safety hazard
Source: equipment and radioisotopes
Radioactive
Types of safety hazard
Source: undergrounded or wet equipment and frayed cords
Electrical
Types of safety hazard
Source: Bunsen burners and organic chemicals
Fire
Types of safety hazard
Source: slippery floors, heavy boxes and patients
Physical
This denotes infectious materials or agents that present a potential health risk
Biohazard/ biological health hazard
Chain of infection: bacteria, fungus, protozoan, rickettsia, virus
Infectious agent
Parts of chain of infection
Infectious agent
Reservoir
Exit pathway
Mode oF transmission
Entry pathway
Susceptible host
Chain of infection: animal, human, equipment, food, soil, water
Reservoir
Chain of infection: blood, exudates, excretions, secretions
Portal of exit
Chain of infection: airborne, contact, droplet, vector, vehicle
Made of transmission
Chain of infection: body orifices, mucous membranes, broken skin
Portal of entry
Chain of infections: elderly, newborn, acute/chronically ill, immune suppressed, unvaccinated
Susceptible host
BSL __ laboratories handle agents that have no known potential for infecting healthy people
Biosafety level 1
BSL __ laboratories are those laboratories that work with microorganisms associated with human diseases that are rarely serious and for which preventive or therapeutic interventions are often available.
Biosafety Level 2
BSL __ is recommended for materials that may contain viruses not normally encountered in a clinical laboratory and for the cultivation of mycobacteria. Working with mycobacteria requires the use of N95 HEPA filter respirators.
Biosafety Level 3
BSL __ is required for work with dangerous and exotic agents that pose a high risk of aerosol-transmitted laboratory infections and life-threatening disease for which effective treatments are limited
Biosafety level 4
Risk factor: pathogens on hands of medical personnel, invasive procedures, antibiotic use
Iatrogenic
Risk factor: contaminated aircon systems, staffing, physical layout of facility
Organizational
Risk factor: severity of illness, length of stay
Patient risk factor
Source or a situation that may cause harm or injury
Hazard
Likelihood or probability fora hazard to cause harm
Risk
This guideline recommends wearing gloves when collecting or handling blood and body fluids contaminated with blood and wearing face shields when there is a danger of blood splashing on mucous membranes and when disposing of all needles
and sharp objects in puncture-resistant containers
Universal precautions
This guideline are not limited to bloodborne pathogens; they consider all body fluids and moist body substances to be potentially infectious
Body substance isolation
According to this guidelines, personnel should wear gloves at all times when encountering moist body substances.
Body substance isolation
This guideline do not recommend handwashing following removal of gloves unless visual contamination is present
Body substance isolation
This guideline assume that everyone is potentially infected or colonized with an organism that can betransmitted in the healthcare setting
Standard precaution
It combines the guidelines of universal precautions and body substance isolation
Standard precautions
What is the most effective method in the hierarchy of controls?
Elimination
What is the least effective method in the hierarchy of controls?
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Hierarchy of controls from most to least effective
Elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, PPE
5 lab safety program???
- training
- Hazard identification and communication
- Engineering controls
- PPE
- Emergency response plan
Hierarchy of controls: physically remove of hazard
Elimination
Hierarchy of control: replace the hazard
Substitution
Hierarchy of control: isolate people from hazard
Engineering control
Hierarchy of control: change the way people work
Administrative control
Protect people with PPE
PPE
