Laboratory Safety Flashcards
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) was previously known as
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is part of
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Public Health Service
they provide extensive inspection checklist for lab safety
College of American Pathologists (CAP)
they provide an annual laboratory safety manual
The Joint Commission (TJC) on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
used by the OSHA (agency) to inspect and credit lab facilities if they really practice lab safety
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) - 1970
basis of our protocols when it comes to lab safety
OSHA
OSHA Public Law #
91 - 596
main goal of OSHA
to provide all employees with a safe work environment; inspection, and accreditation
AO of new rules and regulations governing regulation of clinical laboratories in the Philippines
AO 2021-0037
AO 2021-0037 was enacted on
June 11, 2021
included in AO 2021-0037
[eSCAFE]
Size of the Laboratory
Container (how much can be stored in a specific container)
Arrangement
Floor Area
Equipment Used
these can potentially cause harm to employees
laboratory hazards
OSHA’s three lines of defense (most to least effective)
[EAPP]
Engineering controls
Administrative and work Practice controls
PPE
eliminates hazard isolate workers from the source
engineering controls
change the way people work
administrative and work practice controls
protects only the worker
PPE
hierarchy of controls
[ESEAP]
Elimination
Substitution
Engineering controls
Administrative controls
PPE
to physically remove the hazard
elimination
to replace the hazard
substitution
isolate people from the hazard
engineering controls
more on policies, procedures, and manuals
administrative controls
black bag
non-infectious dry waste (paper)
non-infectious wet waste (fruit peels, liquid containers)
green
infectious and pathological waste (and their containers)
yellow
chemical waste, heavy metals, offensive hygiene waste (may be thrown in permitted landfills), reagents
yellow with black band
radioactive waste; may be treated before disposal; may be incinerated; commonly in the nuclear department
orange
sharps and pressurized containers (vacutainers)
red
prevents blood from spillage or aerosolized
centrifuge safety buckets
no filtration of air; only operator protection; exhaust fumes outside the lab; for chemicals and non-sterile work
fume hoods
HEPA filtration of air; for infectious agents; sample and operator protection
biological safety cabinet
can induce changes within the employees
administrative controls
admin controls are easily
compromised
contains procedure of tests, grounds for termination of MT, and made specifically for each lab
laboratory manuals
practices that reduce the risk of exposure by altering the way a task is performed
work practice controls
a lab hazard prevention strategy that encompasses general policies that mandate measures to reduce hazard exposure
work practice controls
this means to test all samples in the lab as infectious even if the px has no disease
universal precaution
biological hazards encompass 3 types of disposal:
[ICA]
Incineration
Chemical treatment
Autoclaving
this produces finely dispersed aerosols that are a high-risk source of infection
centrifugation
what to do to avoid spreading infection using a centrifuge
cap specimens, wait a few minutes before opening the lid, and use a sealed-cup centrifuge
how to dispose highly pathogenic waste
must undergo preliminary treatment on site
blood products and contaminated waste cannot be discarded directly
they must be autoclaved before discarding
4 primary factors that cause fire
[FOHU]
Fuel
Oxygen
Heat
Uninhibited reaction
fire risk type A
paper, wood, textile
flammable liquids
first risk type B
flammable gases
fire risk type C
types of fire extinguisher
water, foam, CO2, powder
can extinguish risk type A
water
RACE
Rescue
Alarm
Contain
Extinguish
PASS
Pull
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep
first action to take when there is an electrical hazard
identify the source and put it out
direct effects of electrical hazards
shocks, burns, death
indirect effect of electrical hazard
fire
contains complied information about the chemicals being handled, and proper handling & storage procedures
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
