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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 1 > Laboratory Glasswares and Plasticwares > Flashcards

Laboratory Glasswares and Plasticwares Flashcards

1
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

reusable

A

glassware

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2
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

disposable

A

plasticware

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3
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

highly shock proof

A

plasticware

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4
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

breakable

A

glassware

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5
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

ideal for acidic solutions

A

glassware

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6
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

high thermal and corrosion resistance

A

glassware

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7
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

ideal for alkaline solutions

A

plasticware

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8
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

relatively inert

A

plasticware

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9
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

good optical properties

A

glassware

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10
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

flexible

A

plasticware

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11
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

low cost

A

glassware

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12
Q

Identify whether it is a glassware or a plasticware:

for cryogenic experiments

A

plasticware

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13
Q

Enumerate all the types of glasswares

A
  1. high thermal resistant glass
  2. high silica glass
  3. glass with high resistance to alkalis
  4. low actinic glass
  5. standard flint glass
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14
Q

Enumerate all the types of plasticwares

A
  1. polyolefins: polyethylene, polypropylene
  2. polycarbonate resin
  3. Tygon
  4. Teflon fluorocarbon resins

Chemical resistance part

  1. polystyrene
  2. polyethylene
  3. polypropylene
  4. Teflon
  5. polycarbonate
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15
Q

Aside from the mentioned glasswares, cite other lab glasswares.

A
  1. buret or biuret

2. cuvette

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16
Q

Enumerate other lab glass vessels

A
  1. volumetric flask
  2. graduated cylinders
  3. Erlenmeyer flask and griffin beaker
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17
Q

what type of material is a high thermal resistant glass?

A

borosilicate glass with low alkali content

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18
Q

what glassware resists heat, corrosion, and thermal shock?

A

high thermal

resistant glass

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19
Q

what are the most common high thermal resistant glass?

A
  • pyrex
  • Klimax
  • Exax
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20
Q

6x stronger than borosilicate

glass

A

corex

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21
Q

Corex is a type of high thermal resistant glass and it is also known as…

A

alumina-silicate glass

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22
Q

Type of high thermal resistant glass that is able to resist clouding due to alkali or scratching

A

corex

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23
Q

Type of high thermal resistant glass that is ideal for higher temperature thermometers, graduated cylinders, and centrifuge tubes

A

corex

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24
Q

Type of high thermal resistant glass that is recommended for use in application involving high temperature and drastic heat shock and extreme chemical treatment with acids and dilute alkali

A

Vycor

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25
Q

Type of high thermal resistant glass that is ideal for ashing and ignition techniques

A

vycor

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26
Q

Vycor is heatable to ___C and withstand down shock from ____C to ___ water

A

900C; 900C to ice water

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27
Q

it has a 96% silica content comparable to fuse quartz in its thermal endurance, chemical stability, and electrical characteristics

A

high silica glass

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28
Q

high silica glass has a __% silica content

A

96%

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29
Q

it is radiation resistant, good optical qualities, and temperature capabilities

A

high silica glass

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30
Q

ideal for high precision analytical work and can

also be used for optical reflectors and mirrors

A

high silica glass

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31
Q

known as the soft glass

A

glass with high resistance to alkalis

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32
Q

boron-free glassware for strong alkali solution

and digestion with strong alkalis

A

glass with high
resistance to
alkalis

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33
Q

glass with high
resistance to
alkalis is a ___-free glassware

A

boron-free glassware

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34
Q

it has a less thermal resistant than borosilicate glass

A

glass with high
resistance to
alkalis

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35
Q

this glassware is amber-colored

A

low-actinic glass

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36
Q

why is the low-actinic glass amber colored?

A 
- to reduce the amount of light
passing through the substance within the
glassware 
- To avoid
exposing to light which will lead to degradation,
hence, leading to false results
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37
Q

highly protective laboratory glassware for
handling heat-labile substances in the 300-
500nm range (bilirubin, carotene, and Vit. A)

A

low actinic glass

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38
Q

heat-labile substances that low actinic glass handle

A

bilirubin
carotene
Vit. A

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39
Q

standard flint glass is also known as

A

soda lime glass

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40
Q

Standard flint glass is composed of a mixture of oxides: __, __, and __

A

Si, Ca and Na

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41
Q

lowest in cost readily fabricated

A

standard flint glass

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42
Q

poorly resistant to high temperature and sudden

changes in temperature

A

standard flint glass

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43
Q

easy to melt and shape thus used as reagent

bottles and disposable laboratory glassware

A

standard flint glass

44
Q

release alkali into the pipetted liquid

A

standard flint glass

45
Q

beginning to replace glassware in the lab

A

plasticware

46
Q

unique high resistance to corrosion and

breakage as well as its varying flexibility

A

plasticware

47
Q

relatively inexpensive
▪ allowing most items to be completely
disposable after its use

A

plasticware

48
Q

polyethylene and polypropylene falls under the group of

A

polyolefins

49
Q

unique group of resins with relatively inert

chemical properties

A

polyolefins

50
Q

polyolefins is unaffected by:

A
  • acids (howv, conc. sulfuric acid slowly attacks polyethylene at room temp)
  • alkalis
  • salt solutions
  • most aqueous soln
51
Q

Hydrocarbons that can cause moderate swelling at RT of polyolefins

A
  • aromatic
  • aliphatic
  • chlorinated
52
Q

Substances that can slowly penetrate polyolefins plastics?

A
  • organic acids
  • essential oils
  • halogens
53
Q

strong oxidizing agents attack this group at

elevated temperatures only

A

polyolefins

54
Q

what agents attack polyolefins at an elevated temperature only?

A

strong oxidizing agents

55
Q

At what temp does strong oxidizing agents attack polyolefins?

A

elevated temp only

56
Q

which is more expensive, polypropylene or polyethylene?

A

polypropylene

57
Q

sterilizable however, it absorbs pigment and tend to become discolored

A

polypropylene

58
Q

twice as strong as polypropylene (from -100C to +160C)

A

polycarbonate resin

59
Q

can endure thermal shock

A

polycarbonate resin

60
Q

chemical resistance is not as wide as the

polyolefin

A

polycarbonate resin

61
Q

unsuitable for use with bases as amines,
ammonia, and alkalis as well as oxidizing
agents

A

polycarbonate resin

62
Q

polycarbonate resin is unsuitable for use with?

A
  • bases: amines, ammonia and alkalis

- oxidizing agent

63
Q

glass-clear and shatter proof

A

polycarbonate resin

64
Q

ideal for centrifuge tubes & graduated cylinders

A

polycarbonate resin

65
Q

why is polycarbonate resin ideal for centrifuge tubes & graduated cylinders?

A

because it is glass clear and shatter proof

66
Q

non-toxic, clear plastic of modified PVC

67
Q

meaning of PVC

A

polyvinylchloride

68
Q

flexible and used to handle most chemicals

69
Q

tubing is soft and flexible and quickly slips over
tabulatures but gripping tightly on glass or
metals

70
Q

almost chemically inert with high corrosion

resistance at extreme temperatures

A

Teflon fluorocarbon resins

71
Q

for cryogenic experiments and work at high

temperatures over extended periods

A

Teflon fluorocarbon resins

72
Q

pure translucent white and inert

A

Teflon fluorocarbon resins

73
Q

easy to clean and fast drying but it can be

scratched and misshaped

A

Teflon fluorocarbon resins

74
Q

type of plastic that is useful with water and aqueous salt solutions?

A

polystyrene

75
Q

polystyrene is not recommended for use with?

A
  • acids
  • aldehydes
  • ketones
  • ethers
  • hydrocarbons
  • essential oils
76
Q

In polystyrene plastic, alcohols and bases can be used, but storage beyond __hrs is discouraged

77
Q

alcohols and bases can be used, but storage

beyond 24 hours is discouraged

A

polystyrene

78
Q

what are the classifications of polyethylene?

A

conventional and linear

79
Q

conventional and linear polyethylene have different chemical resistances

A

False; similar chemical resistances

80
Q

both classifications of polyethylene (i.e.,
conventional and linear) have similar chemical
resistances: they have excellent chemical
resistance to most substances, with the
exception of:

A 
▪ aldehydes
▪ amines
▪ ethers
▪ hydrocarbons
▪ essential oils
81
Q

For ________ polyethylene, the exceptions
should also include:
▪ lubricating oil
▪ silicones

A

conventional polyethylene

82
Q

conventional polyethylene is not chemical resistant to?

A 
▪ aldehydes
▪ amines
▪ ethers
▪ hydrocarbons
▪ essential oils
▪ lubricating oil
▪ silicones
83
Q

the usage of any of the above-named chemical
groups in polyethylene should be limited to __ hours at ___
temperature

A

24 hrs; room temp

84
Q

has the same chemical resistance as linear

polyethylene

A

polypropylene

85
Q

this resin possesses excellent chemical resistance

to almost all chemicals used in the clinical lab

86
Q

very susceptible to damage by most chemicals

A

polycarbonate

87
Q

for a long period of time, polycarbonate is resistant to?

A

water
aqueous salts
food
inorganic acids

88
Q

Resistance to chemicals decreases as?

A

the temperature of the resin nears its maximum

89
Q

Chemical resistance will also vary as the?

A

concentration of the chemical increases

90
Q

is calibrated to hold one exact volume of

liquid (TC)

A

volumetric flask

91
Q

are long cylindrical tubes usually help

upright by an octagonal or circular base

A

graduated cylinders

92
Q

designed to hold different volumes rather

than one exact amount

A

Erlenmeyer flask and griffin beaker

93
Q

used for titration and for dispensing aliquots

of a solution

A

buret or biuret

94
Q

high-silica glassware

95
Q

used to hold solutions for optical reading of

absorbance

96
Q

what are the two types of cuvette?

A
  • round cuvette

- square cuvette

97
Q

how do you clean glassware and plasticware?

A
  1. glass or plastic that is in direct contact with hazardous material
    is usually disposable, otherwise, it must be decontaminated
    (special techniques may be required for certain situations)
  2. pre-soaking glassware in soapy water
  3. visual inspection should reveal spotless vessel walls
  4. some applications may require plastic rather than glass because
    glass can absorb metal ions
98
Q

in what instances during cleaning that some applications may require plastic rather than glass?

A

glass can absorb metal ions

99
Q

How to wash glasswares?

A
  1. Wash in tap water to remove gross dirt
  2. Soak in suitable detergent for a few minutes
  3. Soak in running tap water until no trace detergent is left. 3 times
  4. Rinse with distilled water to remove any contaminants present in the detergent
  5. Dry in an oven at temperature less than 140C
100
Q

How to wash glassware with blood clots?

A

10% Sodium Hydroxide

Soak for 12-24 hours, then follow routine procedure. Dry micropipettes using an acetone rinse

101
Q

How to wash new pipettes (SI alkaline)

A

Rinse with 5% hydrochloric acid or 5% nitric acid. Wash following routine procedure

102
Q

How to wash glassware with metal ion determination?

A

Acid soak (20% nitric acid) for 12-24 hrs. Rinse with distilled water 3-4 times. Water should be fresh for each rinsing step. Dry

103
Q

How to wash glassware with grease?

A
  1. Soak in any organic solvent
  2. Dissolve 100g potassium hydroxide in 100 mL distilled water. Allow to cool. Add 900 mL commercial-grade
    10% ethanol. ❗❗ Not to be used for delicate glassware. ❗❗
  3. Contrad 70 (manufactured by Harleco)
104
Q

How to wash glasswares with permanganate stains?

A
  1. 50% hydrochloric acid. Rinse with tap water. Wash.

2. Dissolve 1% ferrous sulfate in 25% sulfuric acid.

105
Q

How to wash bacteriologic glassware?

A

Soak in 2% to 4% cresol solution followed by autoclaving and thorough washing

106
Q

how to wash glasswares with iron determination?

A

Soak in 1:2 dilution of concentrated HCl solution or 1:3 dilution of concentrated HNO3.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 1 (1 decks)

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