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Biology 1107 > Laboratory Basics > Flashcards

Laboratory Basics Flashcards

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1
Q

metric system

A

a standardized system of measurements used my scientists

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2
Q

what numerical factor is the metric system based off of?

A

factors of 10

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3
Q

name the prefix’s on the metric system in order from largest to smallest

A

kilo, base unit, centi, milli, micro, and nano

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4
Q

kilo

A

k, 1000, 1 x 10^3

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5
Q

base unit

A

no prefix, 1, 1 x 10^0

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6
Q

centi

A

c, 0.01, 1 x 10^-2

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7
Q

milli

A

m, 0.001, 1 x 10^-3

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8
Q

micro

A

u, 0.000001, 1 x 10^-6

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9
Q

nano

A

n, 0.000000001, 1 x 10^-9

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10
Q

what is the basic unit for length?

A

meter

1m = 100cm = 1000mm

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11
Q

what is the basic unit for mass?

A

gram

1g = 1cm^3 of H2O at 4 degrees Celsius

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12
Q

what is the basic unit for volume?

A

liter

1L = 1000mL = 1 kg of H2O at 4 degrees Celsius

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13
Q

accuracy

A

how close your data is to the correct or accepted value

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14
Q

precision

A

how reproducible your results are

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15
Q

how to you measure an item on a balance or scale?

A

zero > tare

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16
Q

what four items are used for holding liquids?

A

beakers, flasks, bottles, and test tubes

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17
Q

what two items are used for measuring liquids?

A

graduated cylinders and pipettes

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18
Q

outside of glassware what two items are used to dispense liquids?

A

transfer pipettes and micro-pipettes

19
Q

what volume of liquid does a graduated cylinder hold?

A

5ml to 5L

20
Q

what volume of liquid does a graduated pipette hold?

A

1mL to 25mL

21
Q

what are the common sizes of a graduated pipette?

A

1mL, 2mL, 5mL, 10mL, 25mL

22
Q

graduated pipettes are to be used in conjunction to what?

A

pipette pump

23
Q

how many solutions can you use with a transfer pipette?

A

one solution

24
Q

what volume of liquid does a micro-pipette hold?

A

0.1 uL to 1mL

25
Q

how much liquid does a p-1000 measure? and where can it be found?

A

from 100uL to 1000uL (1mL)

tips found in the blue box

26
Q

how much liquid does a p-100 measure? and where can it be found?

A

from 10uL to 100uL

tips found in the yellow box

27
Q

how much liquid does a p-10 measure? and where can it be found?

A

from 1uL to 10uL

tips found in the pink box

28
Q

solution

A

composed of one or more substances dissolved in liquid

29
Q

solute

A

the substance being dissolved

30
Q

solvent

A

the medium the substance is dissolved in

31
Q

percent solutions

A

based on a ratio “X” parts per 100 parts

32
Q

percent solutions are usually a volume of what?

A

100mL

33
Q

what two units can percent solutions be measured in?

A

w/v and v/v

34
Q

molarity

A

the number of moles of solute per 1 liter of solution

35
Q

what is the formula for molarity?

A

moles of solute / liters of solution

36
Q

what did you do in exercise 1a?

A
  • measure mass of 10 drops

- checked for a precision

37
Q

what did you do in exercise 1b?

A
  • measured liquids using micro-pipettes

- calculated percent error

38
Q

how do you calculated percent error?

A

actual mass - expected mass |
——————————————— x 100
expected mass

39
Q

what did you do in exercise III?

A
  • made a solution using NaCl and checked its mass
40
Q

what did you do in exercise IV?

A
  • dilluted the 2M of NaCl in 40mL and check for its mass
41
Q

what did you so in exercise V?

A
  • used the spectrophotomer

- diluted the test solution and rechecked the absorption value

42
Q

what does a spectrophotomer do?

A

passes visible light through a solution and determines how much of that light (which is wavelengths) is absorbed and/or transmitted

43
Q

what does absorption spectrum show?

A

the range of wavelengths a solution absorbs

44
Q

if you know the wavelength that produces the peak absorbance of a substance, what can use the spectrophotomer to do?

A

set it to the wavelength to measure the amount of that substance in a solution

Biology 1107 (1 decks)

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