Laboratory 2: EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES

Question 1

It is a representative of the elasmobranch
fishes, characterized by their cartilaginous skeleton and exposed gill slits.

Answer 1

Class Chondrichytes (Dog Shark)

Question 2

It is characterized by an ossified
skeleton and bony flap, the operculum, covering the gill slits

Answer 2

Class Osteichthyes

Question 3

distinguished from all other living vertebrates by their dry, scaly skins

Answer 3

Class Reptilia

Question 4

It can be distinguished by their feather covering and the modification of the
forelimbs into wings

Answer 4

Class Aves

Question 5

The thigh, shank ankle, and foot of frogs are found in what region:

Answer 5

peripheral appendicular region

Question 6

It can be distinguished by its mammary glands and presence of hair.

Answer 6

Class Mammalia

Question 7

The lateral line has sensory cells:

Answer 7

serving as detecting water vibrations

Question 8

A narrow crescent mouth is present to all vertebrates except;

Answer 8

cyclostomes

Question 9

Skin folds are common in lizards that can be found on:

Answer 9

a. Throat
b. neck sides of the trunk (mid-dorsal line)

Question 10

The ear opening or drum
membrane are connected to______
which are opened by pairs of small pores in the center of the dorsal
surface of the head just back of the levels of the eyes.

Answer 10

endolymphatic ducts

Question 11

Movements water enters through the mouth and exits through the gill slits.

Answer 11

First gill slit or spiracle

Question 12

Lateral fins are found on:

Answer 12

ventral side of the trunk

Question 13

Cephalochordates exhibit the following features:

Answer 13

a. Segmentation
b. Notochord
c. Dorsal nerve cord

Question 14

The caudal fin of elasmobranches is heterocercal because it:

Answer 14

consisting of a large and smaller ventral lobe, with the
vertebral column bending upward into the dorsal lobe

Question 15

The anterior pair is to: _
as the posterior pair is to: ____

Answer 15

behind the gill slits ( pectoral fins)

trunk and tail (pelvic fins)

Question 16

Modified pelvic fin undergoes stout process which is directed backwards

Answer 16

clasper(used for mating)

Question 17

The fins supported by
numerous fine parallel flexible rays, imbedded in
the skin.

Answer 17

dermal fin rays (ceratotrichia)

Question 18

Sessile, possess enlarged pharynx, and numerous slits

Answer 18

Hemichordates

Question 19

Between the bases of the pelvic fins is a large opening

Answer 19

Cloacal aperture

Question 20

Cloaca is called when

Answer 20

At the end of the digestive tube receives urinary and genital as well as intestine

Question 21

During the folding process, human cloaca is partitioned into:

Answer 21

ventral urogenital canal and a dorsal intestine

Question 22

Class Osteichthyes has three regions divided indistinctly into:

Answer 22

Head, trunk, tail

Question 23

The gill opening (opercular bones) are found in:

Answer 23

posterolateral margin of the margin of the head

Question 24

A membrane that is supported by seven bony rays

Answer 24

branchiostegal membrane

Question 25

The median fins of Osteichthyes consist:

Answer 25

anterior fin (caudal fin)

posterior dorsal fin ( ventral or anus fin)

Question 26

The walking mode of humans is called:

Answer 26

plantigrade

Question 27

It cover the bases of
the wings and tail and general surface of the body

Answer 27

contour feathers

Question 28

The shanks of lizards are directed:

Answer 28

ventrally and posteriorly and has undergone the same sort of torsion as the thigh

Question 29

Dorsal arched shell is to: ___ and a flat ventral is to : ____
that are connected by lateral bridges

Answer 29

carapace (dorsal)

plastron (ventral)

Question 30

The tympanic membrane is directed:

Answer 30

Posterolateral to the eye