Labelling

Question 1

social construction of deviance

Answer 1

deviance is a social construction
Becker- powerful groups create deviance through through their own rules and labelling those who don’t comply are deemed outsiders as the act is only deviant once labelled.

Question 2

Differential enforcement

Answer 2

not everyone who commits offence is punished for it, whether a person is arrested, charged and convicted depends on other factors such as ethnicity gender class etc (Pilliavin and Briar)

Question 3

Typifications (negotiation of justice)

Answer 3

Cicourel- stereotypes used by police to target individuals specifically WC and EMs

Question 4

effects of labelling

Answer 4

primary deviance- not been publically labelled- trivial and go uncaught. e.g faredodging, shoplifting
Secondary deviance- labelled deviance publically caught causes an increase in acting resounds from societal reaction .

Question 5

self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 5

individual accepts their label as a a criminal and commits more crimes in society