Lab X - Questions

Question 1

How can we determine the minimal hearing threshold?

Answer 1

Increase the sound frequency until the test subject can hear the sound. The minimum hearing threshold is the first value (in Hz) at which the test subject can hear the sound.

Question 2

Where in the body is the cutaneous sensation more accurate?

Answer 2

Palm, sole, lip, nose

Question 3

What is the role of the outer ear canal?

Answer 3

Forwarding the sound waves towards middle ear ossicles.

Question 4

What is the role of the ossicles?

Answer 4

Amplify and transmit signal to the inner ear (cochlea)

Question 5

Describe Weber’s illusion?

Answer 5

Exact perception of certain objects is different on various skin regions due to the number of receptors located in the given area

Question 6

What is the unit of sound?

Answer 6

Decibels dB= 10 log (I1/I2)

Question 7

What is the measurement of sound?

Answer 7

Hz

Question 8

What is the area on the retina, which has most visual acuity?

Answer 8

Macula luteum

Question 9

Where in the brain is vision processed?

Answer 9

Visual cortex of the occipital lobe

Question 10

What are the junctions of ossicles in middle ear?

Answer 10

Little bones located in the middle ear: eardrum to hammer, anvil, stirrup to cochlea

Question 11

Why does the distribution of colors vary in field of vision?

Answer 11

Different distribution of colour sensitive receptors

Question 12

What is binocular disparity?

Answer 12

There is a given distance between the 2 eyes so an object projects to the fovea centralism of the retina in both eyes but all other points that are in front or behind project to other locations of retina

Question 13

Before reaching receptors cells, light refracts where?

Answer 13

The border of the cornea, the aqueous humour, the lens and the vitreous body

Question 14

What is astigmatism?

Answer 14

Blurred vision due to inability of the optics of the eye to focus a point object into a sharp image on the retina

Question 15

Describe the genetic background of red-green color blindness:

Answer 15

Inheritable recessive alleles of X sex chromosome. Recessive allele in woman causes problems on heterozygote form, in man it is hemizygote

Question 16

Accommodation triad?

Answer 16

Adaptable curvature of the lens, eye movements, pupil function

Question 17

Hearing range in human?

Answer 17

20 - 20,000 Hz

Question 18

Why visual field isn’t circular?

Answer 18

Due to different structures on the face (e.g. nose, ears, etc.) might be covered by some parts of the theoretical field of vision

Question 19

What are dB?

Answer 19

Scale measure for intensity of sound

Question 20

Viewing angle?

Answer 20

Max angle at which a display can be viewed with acceptable visual performance

Question 21

Measure of min viewing angle?

Answer 21

Arcminute / arcmin

Question 22

Methods to find the blind spot?

Answer 22

Mariotte card + perimeter

Question 23

What are thermoreceptors?

Answer 23

Non specialized sensory receptor that codes absolute and relative changes in temp

Question 24

Define blind spot of retina

Answer 24

Where the optic nerve, retinal arteries, and veins leave the eye. No photosensitive receptors are here so we are unable to process an image projected here.

Question 25

What is the biological explanation of the retinal after image?

Answer 25

Stimulation of ganglion cells of the retina do not cease immediately after ending of stimuli

Question 26

Name 5 parts of the reflective arch

Answer 26

Receptor activation, signal travels toward CNS, signal is processed in CNS, information reaches receptor organ, effector organ executes order from CNS

Question 27

Give an example of supporting roles

Answer 27

Defending of receptors, amplifying and modulating of the signal