Lab Values in the ICU Flashcards
What are the two types of Cardiac Enzymes?
- Creating Kinase (CK)
2. Troponins
Elevation of CK indicates: (3)
- damage to muscle
- trauma
- alcoholism
Elevation of CK can be an indicator of: (4)
- MI
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Muscular dystrophy
- Acute renal failure
CK or CPK levels rise within ___ of a heart attack and return to normal after ___.
4-8 hours
3-4 days
What are Troponins a component of?
striated muscle
Troponin T and Troponin I are specific to what kind of muscle?
cardiac muscle, only released after cardiac damage.
Both Troponin T and Troponin I are highly sensitive to detecting MI for up to ___ post MI.
20 hours
Post MI, Troponin T and Troponin I:
Rise within ___
Peak between ___
Normal levels within ___
Rise within 4-6 hours
Peak between 10-24 hours
Normal levels within 10 days
Are Troponins or CK a better indicator of MI?
Troponins
What should you consider as a PT when working with a patient who has elevated Troponins?
Watch HR, BP, O2 sats, check for angina, pain, etc.
What is Hemoglobin (HG or Hgb)?
Protein molecule in RBCs that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lung.
What are normal values of Hemoglobin?
Critical Values?
PT Considerations?
11.0 - 15.9 g/dL
< 7.0 g/dL
< 8.0 g/dL –> NO EXERCISE
What are signs and symptoms of a decrease Hemoglobin? (4)
- fatigue
- weakness
- tachycardia
- decrease activity tolerance
What is Hematocrit?
Proportion of blood volume that is occupied by RBCs.
What are normal values of Hematocrit?
Critical Values?
PT Considerations?
35.5-45%
< 25%
< 25%
If Hematocrit is < 25%, what should a PT do and why?
Only PROM is indicated (NO ACTIVE EXERCISE) as the patient can spontaneously bleed.
What is the clinical presentation of low Hematocrit and what is it indicative of?
Low hematocrit is often indicative of anemia. S&S:
- fatigue
- weakness
- tachycardia
- decreased activity tolerance
What are Platelets?
Small anuclear cells present in blood that assist with hemostasis.
Normal values and critical values of platelets?
Normal values: 130,000-400,000/mm3
Critical values: < 25,000 or > 1,000,000
What is a Pt with low platelets at risk for?
Pts with low platelets may present with bruising, spontaneous nose and gum bleedings.
What is a Pt with high platelets at risk for?
Pts with high platelets are at risk for excessive clotting, thrombus formation.
What levels are at PT considerations for platelets?
- < 50,000: no resistive exercise
- 20,000-50,000: only light exercise
- 10,000-20,000: very light exercise
- < 10,000: no PT treatment
- < 5,000: strict bed rest
- < 20,000 → risk of spontaneous bleed
