Lab Values Flashcards
Potassium; normal
3.8-5.3 mEq/L
Hyperkalemia symptoms
weakness and dysrhythmia
Hypokalemia symptoms
weakness and dysrhythmias
Treat with low/high potassium?
Monitor closely with irregular rhythm.
Otherwise, won’t see if far out of range.
Sodium; normal
135-145 mEq/L
Hypernatremia values
above 150
Hypernatremia symptoms
CNS problems;
Malaise, confusion, lethargy, anorexia.
Nausea, vomiting, headache, seizures, comma.
Hyponatremia values
below 130
Hyponatremia symptoms
CNS general dysfunction; similar to hypernatremia.
Platelets; normal
150-450K
Intervention, platelets 50-150K
Limited resistive exercises.
Ambulation, aerobic, and ADL is fine.
Intervention, platelets <50K
NO resistive.
AROM is fine.
Intervention, platelets 20-50K
Light exercise.
NO machines.
Ambulate as tolerated.
Intervention, platelets <20K
Guarded therapy intervention.
What is main concern with low platelet values?
Inability to properly clot.
Want to prevent any injury; bleeding.
WBC count; normal
5000-10,000 per mm3 of blood
Intervention, WBC 1000-1500
Neutropenic precautions.
May ambulate in hall.
Intervention, WBC 500-1000
Mask for ambulation in hall.
Refer to physician.
Intervention, WBC <500
Isolation to room.
Hemoglobin A1C
Glycosylated hemoglobin.
Checks for long-term management.
Normal: <7%
Change management: 8%
Normal pre exercise blood glucose levels
70-250/300 mg/dL
Hypoglycemia values
<70 mg/dL
Hyperglycemia values
> 250 mg/dL
Blood Volumes
Avg: 5-6 L
Male: 75.5 ml/kg
Female: 66.5 ml/kg
RBC values
4.2-6.2 million cells/mm3
live 80-120 days
Hemoglobin values
Male: 13-18 g/dL
Female: 12-16 g/dL
Intervention with low hemoglobin
Below 9 g/dL = treatment to pt. tolerance
Below 7 g/dL = discuss with medical team
Hematocrit
Male: 42-52%
Female: 37-48%
Erythrocyte “sed rate”
monitor severity of inflammatory response
Ck-Mb
normal: 30-170 IU/L
initial elevation: 3-12 hrs
peak: 24 hrs
remains elevated: 48-72 hrs
Troponin
< 0.3 ng/ml
remains elevated longer: 5-10/14 days
BNP
<100 pg/ml: no heart failure present 100-300 pg/ml: heart failure present 300 pg/ml: mild heart failure 600 pg/ml: moderate 900 pg/ml: severe
INR
Coagulability with coumadin
Normal is 1
Therapeutic range: dependent
aPTT
Coagulability with unfractionated heparin
normal: 24-34 sec
Therapeutic range: 2-3 times normal
