Lab Values

Question 1

Potassium; normal

Answer 1

3.8-5.3 mEq/L

Question 2

Hyperkalemia symptoms

Answer 2

weakness and dysrhythmia

Question 3

Hypokalemia symptoms

Answer 3

weakness and dysrhythmias

Question 4

Treat with low/high potassium?

Answer 4

Monitor closely with irregular rhythm.

Otherwise, won’t see if far out of range.

Question 5

Sodium; normal

Answer 5

135-145 mEq/L

Question 6

Hypernatremia values

Answer 6

above 150

Question 7

Hypernatremia symptoms

Answer 7

CNS problems;
Malaise, confusion, lethargy, anorexia.
Nausea, vomiting, headache, seizures, comma.

Question 8

Hyponatremia values

Answer 8

below 130

Question 9

Hyponatremia symptoms

Answer 9

CNS general dysfunction; similar to hypernatremia.

Question 10

Platelets; normal

Answer 10

150-450K

Question 11

Intervention, platelets 50-150K

Answer 11

Limited resistive exercises.

Ambulation, aerobic, and ADL is fine.

Question 12

Intervention, platelets <50K

Answer 12

NO resistive.

AROM is fine.

Question 13

Intervention, platelets 20-50K

Answer 13

Light exercise.
NO machines.
Ambulate as tolerated.

Question 14

Intervention, platelets <20K

Answer 14

Guarded therapy intervention.

Question 15

What is main concern with low platelet values?

Answer 15

Inability to properly clot.

Want to prevent any injury; bleeding.

Question 16

WBC count; normal

Answer 16

5000-10,000 per mm3 of blood

Question 17

Intervention, WBC 1000-1500

Answer 17

Neutropenic precautions.

May ambulate in hall.

Question 18

Intervention, WBC 500-1000

Answer 18

Mask for ambulation in hall.

Refer to physician.

Question 19

Intervention, WBC <500

Answer 19

Isolation to room.

Question 20

Hemoglobin A1C

Answer 20

Glycosylated hemoglobin.
Checks for long-term management.
Normal: <7%
Change management: 8%

Question 21

Normal pre exercise blood glucose levels

Answer 21

70-250/300 mg/dL

Question 22

Hypoglycemia values

Answer 22

<70 mg/dL

Question 23

Hyperglycemia values

Answer 23

> 250 mg/dL

Question 24

Blood Volumes

Answer 24

Avg: 5-6 L
Male: 75.5 ml/kg
Female: 66.5 ml/kg

Question 25

RBC values

Answer 25

4.2-6.2 million cells/mm3

live 80-120 days

Question 26

Hemoglobin values

Answer 26

Male: 13-18 g/dL
Female: 12-16 g/dL

Question 27

Intervention with low hemoglobin

Answer 27

Below 9 g/dL = treatment to pt. tolerance

Below 7 g/dL = discuss with medical team

Question 28

Hematocrit

Answer 28

Male: 42-52%
Female: 37-48%

Question 29

Erythrocyte “sed rate”

Answer 29

monitor severity of inflammatory response

Question 30

Ck-Mb

Answer 30

normal: 30-170 IU/L
initial elevation: 3-12 hrs
peak: 24 hrs
remains elevated: 48-72 hrs

Question 31

Troponin

Answer 31

< 0.3 ng/ml

remains elevated longer: 5-10/14 days

Question 32

BNP

Answer 32

<100 pg/ml: no heart failure present 
100-300 pg/ml: heart failure present 
300 pg/ml: mild heart failure 
600 pg/ml: moderate 
900 pg/ml: severe

Question 33

INR

Answer 33

Coagulability with coumadin
Normal is 1
Therapeutic range: dependent

Question 34

aPTT

Answer 34

Coagulability with unfractionated heparin
normal: 24-34 sec
Therapeutic range: 2-3 times normal