Lab Values

Question 1

Hemoglobin normal range

Answer 1

10.5-18 g/dL

Question 2

Hematocrit normal range

Answer 2

32-52%

Question 3

RBC normal range

Answer 3

4-6million/mm3

Question 4

WBC normal range (1-23mo)

Answer 4

6000-14000/mm3

Question 5

WBC normal range (2-9yo)

Answer 5

4000-12000/mm3

Question 6

WBC normal range (10-18yo)

Answer 6

4000-10,500/mm3

Question 7

What’s in a Complete Blood Count (CBC)?

Answer 7

Hemoglobin
Hematocrit
RBC count
WBC count

Question 8

Which 2 CBC values measure O2 carrying capacity of the blood?

Answer 8

Hemoglobin
RBC count

Question 9

What’s in a Differential Count?

Answer 9

Absolute counts of:
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Monocytes

Question 10

Neutrophil absolute count?

Answer 10

1,500-8000/mm3

Question 11

Lymphocyte absolute count?

Answer 11

1,500-3000/mm3

Question 12

Eosinophil absolute count?

Answer 12

50-250/mm3

Question 13

At what ANC should you defer elective dental treatment?

Answer 13

ANC < 1000/mm3; due to risk of infection

Question 14

Basophil absolute count?

Answer 14

15-50/mm3

Question 15

Monocyte counts?

Answer 15

285-500/mm3

Question 16

What does Prothrombin Time measure?

Answer 16

Measures extrinsic clotting of blood (Factor VII and III)

Question 17

What is a normal range for PT?

Answer 17

10.1-15.9 seconds

Question 18

What does activated partial thromboplastin time measure (aPTT)?

Answer 18

Measures intrinsic clotting of the blood. Increased in congenital clotting deficiencies (VWD, and Hem A-C)

Question 19

What is the normal range for platelet counts?

Answer 19

150,000 - 400,000/mm3

Question 20

What is the significant of platelet counts?

Answer 20

Measures clotting potential

Question 21

What is the typical bleeding time for an adult? (lol)

Answer 21

<7 min

Question 22

When will a patient experience higher neutrophil count?

Answer 22

Bacterial infection
Hemorrhage
Diabetic Acidosis

Question 23

When will patients experience a higher lymphocyte count?

Answer 23

Leukemia
Viral or bacterial infection
Antigen reaction

Question 24

What are the normal expected INR values w/ and w/o anticoagulant therapy?

Answer 24

W/o anticoagulant: <1
w/ anticoagulant: 2-3

Question 25

What would cause an increase in platelet count? A decrease?

Answer 25

Increase: Infection, polycythemia
Decrease: Leukemia, ITP (autoimmune)

Question 26

What is the typical amount of urine produced each day?

Answer 26

1-2 L /day

Question 27

What would lead to increased daily urine production?

Answer 27

Diabetes Mellitus
Chronic Nephritis

Question 28

What is the normal pH range? & Optimal ph?

Answer 28

Range: 5.0-9.0
Optimal: 7.4

Question 29

Lab values for Na?

Answer 29

134-143 mmol/L

Question 30

Lab values for K?

Answer 30

3.3-4.6 mmol/L

Question 31

Lab values for HCO3?

Answer 31

Venous: 22-29 mmol/L
Arterial: 21-29 mmol/L

Question 32

Lab values for Chloride?

Answer 32

98-106 mmol/L

Question 33

Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) ideal values?

Answer 33

Normal <5.6%
Pre-diabetes: 5.7-6.4%
Diabetes mellitus: >6.5%

Question 34

What is the significance of elevated C-reactive protein (CRP)?)

Answer 34

Increase in CRP indicates infection (acute phase of inflammatory metabolic response)