Lab Values

Question 1

What does a BMP include?

Answer 1

electrolytes, glucose, renal function, acid/base

Question 2

What does a CMP include?

Answer 2

BMP + albumin, ALT, AST, bilirubin, protein

Question 3

What is the normal range for calcium?

Answer 3

9.5-10.5 mg/dL (correct if albumin is LOW)

Question 4

What is the normal range for magnesium?

Answer 4

1.3-2.1 mEq/L

Question 5

What drugs increase calcium?

Answer 5

vitamin D, thiazide diuretics

Question 6

What drugs decrease calcium?

Answer 6

long-term heparin, loop diuretics, bisphosphonates, cinacalcet

Question 7

What drugs decrease magnesium?

Answer 7

PPIs, diuretics, amphotericin B, chronic alcohol intake

Question 8

What is the normal range for phosphate?

Answer 8

2.3-4.7 mg/dL

Question 9

Which disease state increases phosphate?

Answer 9

CKD

Question 10

What is the normal range for potassium?

Answer 10

3.5-5 mEq/L

Question 11

What drugs increase potassium?

Answer 11

ACEi, ARBs, canagliflozin, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, potassium supplements, Bactrim, drospirenone-containing COCs

Question 12

What is the normal range for sodium?

Answer 12

135-145 mEq/L

Question 13

What drugs increase sodium?

Answer 13

hypertonic saline, tolvaptan

Question 14

What drugs decrease sodium?

Answer 14

carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, SSRIs, diuretics

Question 15

What drugs decrease potassium?

Answer 15

beta-2 agonists, diuretics, insulin, SPS, steroids

Question 16

What decreases bicarbonate?

Answer 16

topiramate

Question 17

What is the normal range of BUN?

Answer 17

7-20 mg/dL

Question 18

What increases BUN?

Answer 18

renal impairment and dehydration

Question 19

What increases SCr?

Answer 19

Any drugs that impair renal function (aminoglycosides, amphotericin B, cisplatin, Colistimethate, cyclosporine, loop diuretics, polymyxin, NSAIDs, radiocontrast dye, tacrolimus, vancomycin)

Question 20

What is the normal range for anion gap?

Answer 20

5-12 mEq/L

Question 21

What is the normal range for WBCs?

Answer 21

4,000-11,000 cells/mm3

Question 22

What drugs can increase WBCs?

Answer 22

systemic steroids, Epi

Question 23

What drugs can decrease WBCs?

Answer 23

clozapine, chemotherapy, carbamazepine, immunosuppressants

Question 24

What can increase esoinophils?

Answer 24

asthma, inflammation, parasitic inflammation

Question 25

What can increase basophils?

Answer 25

inflammation, hypersensitivity rxn

Question 26

What can increase lymphocytes?

Answer 26

viral infections, lymphoma

Question 27

What can decrease lymphocytes?

Answer 27

bone marrow suppression, HIV, systemic steroids

Question 28

What is the normal range for hemoglobin? (male and female)

Answer 28

13.5-18 g/dL (males) and 12-16 g/dL (females)

Question 29

What disease-state increases MCV (mean corpuscular volume)?

Answer 29

macrocytic anemia (B12 or folate deficiency)

Question 30

What disease-state decreases MCV (mean corpuscular volume)?

Answer 30

microcytic anemia (iron deficiency)

Question 31

What is the normal range for folic acid (folate)?

Answer 31

5-25 mcg/L

Question 32

What drugs decrease folate?

Answer 32

phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, methotrexate, Bactrim

Question 33

What is the normal range for B12?

Answer 33

> 200 pg/mL

Question 34

What drugs decrease B12?

Answer 34

PPIs, metformin

Question 35

What drugs cause glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency?

Answer 35

dapsone, methylene blue, nitrofurantoin, pegloticase, primaquine, rasburicase, quinidine, quinine, sulfonamides

Question 36

What drugs can cause a false increase in PT/INR?

Answer 36

daptomycin, oritavancin, telavancin

Question 37

What is the lifespan of platelets?

Answer 37

7-10 days

Question 38

What is the lifespan of RBCs?

Answer 38

120 days

Question 39

What is the normal range of platelets?

Answer 39

150k-450k cells/mm3

Question 40

What confirmatory test is used in HIT if the ELISA test is positive?

Answer 40

SRA (serotonin release assay)

Question 41

What are the pancreatic enzymes?

Answer 41

amylase and lipase

Question 42

What drugs can cause increases pancreatic enzymes d/t pancreatitis?

Answer 42

didanosine, stavudine, GLP-1a, DPP-4i, valproic acid, hypertriglceridemia

Question 43

What drugs increase CPK?

Answer 43

daptomycin, statins, tenofovir, raltegravir, dolutegravir

Question 44

Does TSH increase or decrease in hyperthyroidism?

Answer 44

TSH decreases (< 0.3 mIU/L)

Question 45

Does TSH increase or decrease in hypothyroidism?

Answer 45

TSH increases (> 3 mIU/L)

Question 46

What CD4 T lymphocyte count is indicative of an immunocompromised state in HIV?

Answer 46

< 200 cells/mm3

Question 47

What positive test indicates a pregnancy?

Answer 47

hCG

Question 48

What is the normal range for Vitamin D, serum?

Answer 48

> 30 ng/mL