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Lab Values Flashcards

1
Q

BEST indicator of kidney function.

A

GFR

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2
Q

2nd best indicator of kidney function.

A

Creatinine

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3
Q

Normal lab value of creatinine

if elevated?

A

0.6 - 1.2

A= Abnormal (Do nothing)

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4
Q

INR

Monitors_______ therapy.

A

Warfarin

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5
Q

INR therapeutic level:

If greater > 4 = which one ( A, B, C, D)?

A

therapeutic level: 2-3

If greater > 4 = C

HAPC
Hold Coumadin
Assess Bleeding
Prepare antidote: Vit K
Call HCP
*prob SATA question
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6
Q

Potassium (K+)
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!

normal lab value:

A

3.5-5.3 (notice same numbers)

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7
Q

Potassium (K+)
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!

if Low =

A

Low = C Critical Do something

  1. Assess HR - 12 lead EKG
  2. Prepare to give Potassium (K+)
  3. Call HCP
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8
Q

Potassium (K+)
Normal: 3.5-5.3
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!

if HIGH 5.0-5.9 =
(HIGH but still in 5’s)

A

if HIGH 5.0-5.9 = C Critical Do something!
(HIGH but still in 5’s)

  1. Hold Potassium
  2. Assess heart
  3. Prepare D50, Regular Insulin, Na Polysterene
  4. Call HCP
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9
Q

Potassium (K+)
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!

if >6 = D Do something NOW!!!

A

if > 6 = D

do all of C (HIGH 5.0-5.9), as a team

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10
Q

Normal value of pH

A

7.35 - 7.45

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11
Q

if pH in the 6s =

A

D - Do something now!!!

  1. Get vital signs
  2. Call HCP
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12
Q

Normal value
BUN
Blood Urea Nitrogen

Elevated=

A

8-30 (Bun packs of 8)

Elevated= B - Be concerned (Assess/Monitor)
Check for dehydration

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13
Q

Hgb Hemoglobin

if 8-11 =

<8 =

A

normal value: 12-18

if 8-11 = B be concerned (Assess/Monitor)

<8 = C - transfuse

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14
Q

HCO3

Bicarb

A

Normal 22-26

Abnormal = A (Do nothing)

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15
Q

CO2

A

Normal 35-45

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16
Q

CO2 Normal: 35-45

In 50’s = Critical (Do something!)

A
  1. Assess respirations
  2. Do pursed-lip breathing 1:3 or 1:4
    I:E 1:2- normal
    inspiratory: expiratory
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17
Q

CO2 Normal: 35-45

In 60’s = D (Do something NOW!)

A
  1. Assess respirations
  2. Do pursed-lip breathing (if they can)
  3. Prepare intubate & ventilate
  4. Call HCP
  5. Call respiratory therapist
18
Q

Hit hematocrit

A

36-54

Abnormal= B Be concerned (Assess/monitor)

19
Q

PO2 normal value

A

78-100

20
Q

PO2 normal 78-100

Low 70-77 =

A

Low 70-77 = C Critical Do something

Assess respirations
Give O2

21
Q

PO2 normal 78-100

Low <60’s =

A

Low <60’s = D DEADLY DANGEROUS (Do something now!)

  1. Assess respirations
  2. Give O2
  3. Prepare intubate & ventilate
  4. Call HCP
  5. Call respiratory therapist
22
Q

02 Sat

A

93-100

<93 = C Critical (Do something)

Assess respirations
Give O2

23
Q

BNP
Good indicator of ___

Normal value:

Elevated =

A

CHF Congestive heart failure

<100

Elevated= B
assess lungs, edema

24
Q

Sodium

Abnormal =

If change in LOC =

A

135-145

Abnormal = B

If change in LOC = C

25
Q

WBC’S

WBC

WBC <5,000 =

A

NORMAL: 5,000 -11,000

WBC <5,000 = C

26
Q

WBC’S

ANC: should be __ 500

A

Normal : ANC should be >500

ANC <500 = C

27
Q

WBC’S

CD4: should be __200

A

Normal: CD4 should be > (more than 200)

CD4 <200 = C

28
Q

Synonyms for low white blood cell count:

L______
N______
Ag_______
Imm______

A

Leukopenia

Neutropenia

Agranulocytosis

Immunosuppression

29
Q

Neutropenic Precautions

  1. Strict ____
  2. Shower with _____ soap
  3. ___ crowds
  4. ______ room
  5. ______ no. of staff
  6. ____ visitors to _____ adults
A
  1. hand washing
  2. antimicrobial
  3. avoid
  4. private
  5. limit
  6. limit, healthy
30
Q

Neutropenic Precautions

  1. No ____ flowers or ____ plants
  2. Low ____ diet
  3. Do not drink water standing longer than __ mins
  4. VS q ___ hours
A
  1. fresh, potted
  2. Low bacteria diet (No raw fruits, veggies; no undercooked meat)
  3. 15 mins
  4. VS q 4 hours
31
Q

Neutropenic Precautions

  1. Check WBC (ANC)____
  2. ___ use of indwelling catheter
  3. Do not re-use cups must …
  4. Use _____ plate, cup, straw, plastic utensils
  5. _____ items in room: stethoscope, BP cuff, thermometer, Gloves, toys
A
  1. daily
  2. AVOID
  3. .. must wash between washes
  4. use disposable
  5. dedicated
32
Q

Platelets

Wide range:

A

150,000 - 400,000

33
Q

Synonym for low platelet count

A

Thrombocytopenia

34
Q

Platelets

<90,000 =

A

Platelets

<90,000 = C Critical (Do something)

35
Q

Platelets

<40,000 =

A

Platelets
<40,000 = D DEADLY DANGEROUS
(DO SOMETHING NOW!!)

Platelet transfusion

36
Q

Bleeding precautions

  1. no _______ venipuncture-injection or IV. Use small gauge
  2. Handle patient gently; use ___
  3. Use ____ razor
  4. ___ toothbrush or flossing
  5. ___ hard foods
A
  1. unnecessary
  2. drawsheet
  3. electric
  4. NO
  5. NO
37
Q

Bleeding precautions

  1. Well-fitting dentures (_____)
  2. Blow nose ___
  3. ___ rectal temp, enema, suppository
  4. ____ aspirin
  5. _____contact sports
A
  1. no rub
  2. gently
    8-10: NO
38
Q

Bleeding precautions

  1. ___ walking in bare feet
  2. ___ tight clothes or shoes
  3. Use stool softener. No ___
  4. Notify MD of blood in urine, stool.
A
  1. -12. : NO

13. NO STRAINING

39
Q

RBC’s

A

4-6 million

Abnormal = B concerned (Assess/Monitor)
Assess for bleeding

40
Q

Know the 5D’s DEADLY

K+
CO2

A

K+ more than 6
CO2 more than 60’s

DEADLY

41
Q

Know the 5D’s DEADLY

pH

pO2

Plt

A

less than

pH < 6

pO2 < 60’s

Plt < 40k

42
Q

When should you call a Rapid Response Team?

A
  1. Symptomatic Pt & need more help

2. Gut feeling

reviewer (5 decks)

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