Lab Values Flashcards
BEST indicator of kidney function.
GFR
2nd best indicator of kidney function.
Creatinine
Normal lab value of creatinine
if elevated?
0.6 - 1.2
A= Abnormal (Do nothing)
INR
Monitors_______ therapy.
Warfarin
INR therapeutic level:
If greater > 4 = which one ( A, B, C, D)?
therapeutic level: 2-3
If greater > 4 = C
HAPC Hold Coumadin Assess Bleeding Prepare antidote: Vit K Call HCP *prob SATA question
Potassium (K+)
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!
normal lab value:
3.5-5.3 (notice same numbers)
Potassium (K+)
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!
if Low =
Low = C Critical Do something
- Assess HR - 12 lead EKG
- Prepare to give Potassium (K+)
- Call HCP
Potassium (K+)
Normal: 3.5-5.3
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!
if HIGH 5.0-5.9 =
(HIGH but still in 5’s)
if HIGH 5.0-5.9 = C Critical Do something!
(HIGH but still in 5’s)
- Hold Potassium
- Assess heart
- Prepare D50, Regular Insulin, Na Polysterene
- Call HCP
Potassium (K+)
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!
if >6 = D Do something NOW!!!
if > 6 = D
do all of C (HIGH 5.0-5.9), as a team
Normal value of pH
7.35 - 7.45
if pH in the 6s =
D - Do something now!!!
- Get vital signs
- Call HCP
Normal value
BUN
Blood Urea Nitrogen
Elevated=
8-30 (Bun packs of 8)
Elevated= B - Be concerned (Assess/Monitor)
Check for dehydration
Hgb Hemoglobin
if 8-11 =
<8 =
normal value: 12-18
if 8-11 = B be concerned (Assess/Monitor)
<8 = C - transfuse
HCO3
Bicarb
Normal 22-26
Abnormal = A (Do nothing)
CO2
Normal 35-45
CO2 Normal: 35-45
In 50’s = Critical (Do something!)
- Assess respirations
- Do pursed-lip breathing 1:3 or 1:4
I:E 1:2- normal
inspiratory: expiratory
CO2 Normal: 35-45
In 60’s = D (Do something NOW!)
- Assess respirations
- Do pursed-lip breathing (if they can)
- Prepare intubate & ventilate
- Call HCP
- Call respiratory therapist
Hit hematocrit
36-54
Abnormal= B Be concerned (Assess/monitor)
PO2 normal value
78-100
PO2 normal 78-100
Low 70-77 =
Low 70-77 = C Critical Do something
Assess respirations
Give O2
PO2 normal 78-100
Low <60’s =
Low <60’s = D DEADLY DANGEROUS (Do something now!)
- Assess respirations
- Give O2
- Prepare intubate & ventilate
- Call HCP
- Call respiratory therapist
02 Sat
93-100
<93 = C Critical (Do something)
Assess respirations
Give O2
BNP
Good indicator of ___
Normal value:
Elevated =
CHF Congestive heart failure
<100
Elevated= B
assess lungs, edema
Sodium
Abnormal =
If change in LOC =
135-145
Abnormal = B
If change in LOC = C
WBC’S
WBC
WBC <5,000 =
NORMAL: 5,000 -11,000
WBC <5,000 = C
WBC’S
ANC: should be __ 500
Normal : ANC should be >500
ANC <500 = C
WBC’S
CD4: should be __200
Normal: CD4 should be > (more than 200)
CD4 <200 = C
Synonyms for low white blood cell count:
L______
N______
Ag_______
Imm______
Leukopenia
Neutropenia
Agranulocytosis
Immunosuppression
Neutropenic Precautions
- Strict ____
- Shower with _____ soap
- ___ crowds
- ______ room
- ______ no. of staff
- ____ visitors to _____ adults
- hand washing
- antimicrobial
- avoid
- private
- limit
- limit, healthy
Neutropenic Precautions
- No ____ flowers or ____ plants
- Low ____ diet
- Do not drink water standing longer than __ mins
- VS q ___ hours
- fresh, potted
- Low bacteria diet (No raw fruits, veggies; no undercooked meat)
- 15 mins
- VS q 4 hours
Neutropenic Precautions
- Check WBC (ANC)____
- ___ use of indwelling catheter
- Do not re-use cups must …
- Use _____ plate, cup, straw, plastic utensils
- _____ items in room: stethoscope, BP cuff, thermometer, Gloves, toys
- daily
- AVOID
- .. must wash between washes
- use disposable
- dedicated
Platelets
Wide range:
150,000 - 400,000
Synonym for low platelet count
Thrombocytopenia
Platelets
<90,000 =
Platelets
<90,000 = C Critical (Do something)
Platelets
<40,000 =
Platelets
<40,000 = D DEADLY DANGEROUS
(DO SOMETHING NOW!!)
Platelet transfusion
Bleeding precautions
- no _______ venipuncture-injection or IV. Use small gauge
- Handle patient gently; use ___
- Use ____ razor
- ___ toothbrush or flossing
- ___ hard foods
- unnecessary
- drawsheet
- electric
- NO
- NO
Bleeding precautions
- Well-fitting dentures (_____)
- Blow nose ___
- ___ rectal temp, enema, suppository
- ____ aspirin
- _____contact sports
- no rub
- gently
8-10: NO
Bleeding precautions
- ___ walking in bare feet
- ___ tight clothes or shoes
- Use stool softener. No ___
- Notify MD of blood in urine, stool.
- -12. : NO
13. NO STRAINING
RBC’s
4-6 million
Abnormal = B concerned (Assess/Monitor)
Assess for bleeding
Know the 5D’s DEADLY
K+
CO2
K+ more than 6
CO2 more than 60’s
DEADLY
Know the 5D’s DEADLY
pH
pO2
Plt
less than
pH < 6
pO2 < 60’s
Plt < 40k
When should you call a Rapid Response Team?
- Symptomatic Pt & need more help
2. Gut feeling
