Lab Topics Flashcards
What are the main parts of a compound light microscope?
- Ocular lens
- Diopter adjustment
- Head
- Arm
- Nose piece
- Objective lenses
- Stage clip
- Aperture
- Diaphragm
- Condenser
- Illuminator
- Mechanical Stage
- Fine adjustment
- Coarse adjustment
- Stage controls
- Brightness adjustment
- Light Switch
How to convert microliters to militers?
Divide by 1000
What is the mean, standard error, and standard deviation formulas used for Excel?
Mean: =AVERAGE
Stand. Dev.: = Stdev
Stand. Error: =SD/SQRT(Sample Size)
What would be considered room temperature?
22 degrees celsius
What is a dataset?
It is the total set of information that derive from multiple sources.
What are the different types of data?
Quantitative (Discrete and Continuous) and Qualitative
What is the scientific method?
A systematic framework that provides biologists and other modern scientists a way to help logically organize the progression of their scientific studies.
What is confirmation bias?
This tendency to search for, interpret,
favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one’s preexisting beliefs or hypotheses
What is the correct order of the scientific method?
Observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, conclusion
What are dependent variables? (y-axis)
factors that are actually measured, counted, or observed. They
are the variables you expect to change in response to the independent variable.
What are independent variables? (x-axis)
are factors that are intentionally manipulated in an experiment
because it is predicted that they will affect the dependent variable.
What are controlled variables?
are factors/conditions held constant between control and treatment
groups.
Experiments can prove that hypothesis are true.
False! They cannot prove anything, but only provide support for the analysis.
What is a prediction?
If, then statement
What is the temperature coefficient formula?
Q10 = [rate at (ToC +10)] / [rate at ToC]
Which color is the 4x microscope lenses?
Red
What is the instrument used in lab to measure liquids?
Micropipette. The one we use in lab is called P1000 because it can dispense a maximum of 1000 microliters, which is equal to 1 mililiter.
If we see 0500 on the micropipette display, it means that we…
Have 500 microliter and 0.5 ml
What is a spectrophotometer?
It is a machine that analyzes the wavelength of colored substances.
What is a cuvette?
A rectangular container used in the spectrophotometer.
What is the formula for enzyme activity?
Absorbance/(1.36^10-4) * T
Define the range for an acidic, a basic, and a neutral pH.
Acidic: <7
Neutral: 7
Basic: >7
What is the meaning of the overlapping error bars?
They mean that there is no significant difference between the groups.
What is the main goal of a pie chart?
To represent sample proportions
What is the main goal of a bar or column graph?
It represents the frequency of each species as a column.
What is the main goal of a histogram?
To represent the frequency of continuum data in intervals provided by us.
What is the main goal of a scatterplot?
To connect data represented by points (x,y)
The null effect is said to
Predict no effect
What are the three main groups we should see in a study?
Test or treatment group; negative control group; positive control group.
What is modern systematics?
The study of the diversification of living forms.
What is the main goal of ANOVA and T-test?
They are used to determine is there is a significant difference between the means of two or more groups by examining within group and between group variations in the data.
If there are two groups being compared then we should use…
a T-test
If there are three or more groups being compared…
We should use one-way ANOVA
When we run statistics through Excel, what are the data we should focus on?
Mean, variance, and p-value.
What is the most common p-value used by scientists?
P-value = 0.05
If the p-value exceeds 0.05….
we will accept the null hypothesis
If the p-value is lower than 0.05…
we reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis
What is a hemocytometer and how should we use it?
An improved Neubaurer Hemocytometer is a microscopic slide with grids to help with identifying and counting specimens.
What is the total volume for one large corner of the square in a hemocytometer?
0.1 microliters
How to measure the respiration rate of an organism?
By measuring its uptake of oxygen or production or carbon dioxide.
What is the gas-phase CO2 sensor used in one of our labs?
Respirometer
What does ppm mean?
Parts per million
What is the formula for a linear equation?
y=mx+b
