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1
Q

What is the normal range for Sodium levels?

A

135 – 145 mmol/L

Sodium is a key electrolyte in the body, crucial for maintaining fluid balance and nerve function.

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2
Q

What is the normal range for Potassium levels?

A

3.5 – 5.2 mmol/L

Potassium is essential for proper muscle and nerve function.

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3
Q

What is the normal range for Chloride levels?

A

95 – 110 mmol/L

Chloride helps maintain osmotic pressure and acid-base balance.

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4
Q

What is the normal range for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Bicarbonate levels?

A

22 – 32 mmol/L

This measurement helps assess the body’s acid-base balance.

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5
Q

What is the normal range for Urea in males aged 19-49?

A

3.2 – 7.4 mmol/L

Urea levels are used to assess kidney function.

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6
Q

What is the normal range for Urea in females aged 19-49?

A

2.5 – 6.7 mmol/L

Urea is a waste product formed from protein metabolism.

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7
Q

What is the normal range for Creatinine in males (≥19 y/o)?

A

60 – 110 μmol/L

Creatinine levels indicate kidney function.

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8
Q

What is the normal range for Creatinine in females (≥19 y/o)?

A

45 – 90 μmol/L

Creatinine is a waste product from muscle metabolism.

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9
Q

What is the normal range for Albumin in individuals aged 18-59?

A

35 – 52 g/L

Albumin is a protein that helps maintain oncotic pressure in the blood.

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10
Q

What is the normal range for Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)?

A

10 – 70 U/L

ALT is an enzyme that helps assess liver function.

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11
Q

What is the normal range for Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)?

A

10 – 50 U/L

AST is another enzyme used to evaluate liver health.

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12
Q

What is the normal range for Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)?

A

120 – 250 U/L

LDH can indicate tissue damage or disease.

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13
Q

What is the normal range for Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in adults?

A

30 – 110 U/L

ALP is important for assessing liver and bone health.

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14
Q

What is the normal range for Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in males?

A

5 – 50 U/L

GGT is an enzyme that helps diagnose liver disease.

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15
Q

What is the normal range for Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in females?

A

5 – 35 U/L

GGT levels can also indicate bile duct problems.

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16
Q

What is the normal fasting glucose range?

A

4.0 – 6.0 mmol/L

Fasting glucose levels are critical for assessing diabetes.

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17
Q

What is the normal range for Total Bilirubin?

A

5 – 30 μmol/L

Bilirubin levels help evaluate liver function and hemolysis.

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18
Q

What is the normal range for Unconjugated (Indirect) Bilirubin?

A

5 – 25 μmol/L

Unconjugated bilirubin is produced from the breakdown of hemoglobin.

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19
Q

What is the normal range for Conjugated (Direct) Bilirubin?

A

0 – 5 μmol/L

Conjugated bilirubin is water-soluble and excreted in bile.

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20
Q

What is the normal range for White Blood Cell Count?

A

4.30 – 10.40 x10^9/L

WBC count is essential for assessing immune function.

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21
Q

What is the normal range for Red Blood Cell Count in males?

A

4.50 – 5.75 x10^12/L

RBC count is crucial for oxygen transport in the body.

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22
Q

What is the normal range for Red Blood Cell Count in females?

A

4.03 – 5.19 x10^12/L

Variations in RBC count can indicate anemia or other conditions.

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23
Q

What is the normal range for Reticulocytes?

A

33.7 – 105.9 x10^9/L, 0.73 – 2.14 % (Adults)

Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells and indicate bone marrow activity.

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24
Q

What is the normal range for Hemoglobin in males?

A

13.1 – 16.8 g/dL

Hemoglobin is essential for carrying oxygen in the blood.

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25
What is the normal range for Hemoglobin in females?
11.5 – 14.9 g/dL ## Footnote Lower hemoglobin levels can indicate anemia.
26
What is the normal range for Hematocrit in males?
40.3 – 50.0 % ## Footnote Hematocrit measures the proportion of blood volume occupied by red blood cells.
27
What is the normal range for Hematocrit in females?
35.8 – 45.2 % ## Footnote Hematocrit levels can vary with hydration status.
28
What is the normal range for Mean Cell Volume (MCV)?
80.6 – 96.1 fL ## Footnote MCV indicates the average size of red blood cells.
29
What is the normal range for Mean Cell Hemoglobin (MCH)?
26.1 – 32.1 pg ## Footnote MCH reflects the average mass of hemoglobin per red blood cell.
30
What is the normal range for Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)?
30.8 – 34.9 g/dL ## Footnote MCHC measures the concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells.
31
What is the normal range for Platelets?
180 – 397 x10^9/L ## Footnote Platelets are crucial for blood clotting.
32
What is the normal range for Neutrophils?
1.90 – 6.53 x10^9/L ## Footnote Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cells and are essential for fighting infections.
33
What is the normal range for Lymphocytes?
1.21 – 3.56 x10^9/L ## Footnote Lymphocytes are key players in the immune response.
34
What is the normal range for Monocytes?
0.23 – 0.82 x10^9/L ## Footnote Monocytes help in the immune response and in clearing debris.
35
What is the normal range for Eosinophils?
0.05 – 0.50 x10^9/L ## Footnote Eosinophils are involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections.
36
What is the normal range for Basophils?
0.02 – 0.09 x10^9/L ## Footnote Basophils play a role in inflammatory responses.
37
What is the normal range for Iron in males?
11.6 – 31.3 μmol/L ## Footnote Iron levels are critical for hemoglobin production.
38
What is the normal range for Iron in females?
9.0 – 30.4 μmol/L ## Footnote Iron deficiency can lead to anemia.
39
What is the normal range for Transferrin Saturation?
15 – 50 % ## Footnote Transferrin saturation indicates the availability of iron for erythropoiesis.
40
What is the normal range for Ferritin in males?
22 – 275 μg/L ## Footnote Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in the body.
41
What is the normal range for Ferritin in females?
5 – 204 μg/L ## Footnote Ferritin levels can indicate overall iron stores in the body.
42
What is the normal range for Transferrin in individuals aged 19-59?
Males: 1.74 – 3.64 g/L, Females: 1.80 – 3.82 g/L ## Footnote Transferrin is a protein that binds and transports iron.
43
How is Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) determined?
By calculation ## Footnote TIBC reflects the blood's capacity to bind iron with transferrin.
44
What is the normal range for C-reactive Protein (CRP)?
0 – 10 mg/L ## Footnote CRP is a marker of inflammation in the body.
45
What is the normal range for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in males (≤ 50 yrs)?
1 – 7 mm/hr ## Footnote ESR is another marker of inflammation.
46
What is the normal range for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in males (> 51 yrs)?
2 – 10 mm/hr ## Footnote ESR can increase with age and inflammation.
47
What is the normal range for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in females (≤ 50 yrs)?
3 – 9 mm/hr ## Footnote ESR can indicate the presence of inflammatory diseases.
48
What is the normal range for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in females (> 51 yrs)?
5 – 15 mm/hr ## Footnote ESR is affected by various conditions, including infections and autoimmune diseases.
49
What is the normal range for Uric Acid in males?
210 – 420 μmol/L ## Footnote Uric acid levels can indicate gout or kidney function.
50
What is the normal range for Uric Acid in females?
150 – 350 μmol/L ## Footnote Elevated uric acid can lead to crystal formation in joints.
51
What is the normal range for NT-pro B-type Natriuretic Peptide in individuals < 75 y/o?
≤ 125 ng/L ## Footnote This peptide is used to assess heart failure.
52
What is the normal range for NT-pro B-type Natriuretic Peptide in individuals ≥ 75 y/o?
≤ 450 ng/L ## Footnote Elevated levels may indicate cardiac stress or failure.
53
What is the normal range for Creatine Kinase MB in males?
≤ 5.2 μg/L ## Footnote CK-MB is a cardiac enzyme used to diagnose heart attacks.
54
What is the normal range for Creatine Kinase MB in females?
≤ 3.1 μg/L ## Footnote Elevated CK-MB levels can indicate myocardial injury.
55
What is the normal range for Troponin I (Quantitative)?
≤ 17.4 ng/L ## Footnote Troponin is a sensitive marker for heart muscle damage.
56
What is the normal range for Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)?
23.9 – 32.2 seconds ## Footnote aPTT assesses the intrinsic pathway of coagulation.
57
What is the normal range for Prothrombin Time (PT)?
9.7 – 11.8 seconds ## Footnote PT is used to evaluate the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.
58
What is the normal range for Procalcitonin?
< 0.5 μg/L ## Footnote Procalcitonin is a biomarker for bacterial infections.
59
What is the normal range for Creatine Kinase (CK) in males?
42 – 250 U/L ## Footnote CK levels are used to assess muscle damage.
60
What is the normal range for Calcium?
2.10 – 2.60 mmol/L ## Footnote Calcium is vital for bone health and muscle function.
61
What is the normal range for Magnesium?
0.70 – 1.10 mmol/L ## Footnote Magnesium plays a role in numerous biochemical reactions in the body.
62
What is the normal range for Phosphate?
0.75 – 1.50 mmol/L ## Footnote Phosphate is essential for energy production and bone mineralization.

Lab values (1 decks)

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