Lab Terms

Question 1

A taxon which forms a clade

consists of ancestral species and its descendants

Answer 1

Monophyletic group or clade

Question 2

structure of a branching evolutionary tree

species that share recent common ancestry and have similar features,

Answer 2

phylogeny

Question 3

Evolutionary trait that is unique to a particular species and all its descendants

Answer 3

Apomorphy

Question 4

Two or more organisms possess a characteristic inherited exclusively from their common ancestor

Answer 4

Synapomorphy

Question 5

A branching diagram showing the cladistic relationship between a number of species

Answer 5

Cladogram

Question 6

A trait that appears by mutation

Answer 6

Derived trait

Question 7

A trait that has been inherited

Answer 7

Ancestral

Question 8

Animals that have three germ layers (Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm)

Answer 8

Triploblastic

Question 9

Mouth First (most animals)

Answer 9

Protostome

Question 10

Anus First (Echinoderms)

Answer 10

Deuterostome

Question 11

Bipinnaria

Answer 11

First larval stage of Starfish (Echinoderms)

Question 12

Crinoidea, Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea, Holothuroidea

Answer 12

Echinoderm Classes

Question 13

Echinoderm defensive organ

Answer 13

Pedicellaria

Question 14

Calcified material that males part of an invertebrate skeleton.

Answer 14

Ossicles

Question 15

1. Dorsal hollow nerve chord
2. Notochord
3. Pharyngeal pouches (gill slits)
4. Post-anal tail
5. Endostyle

Answer 15

5 Chordate Hallmarks

Question 16

One Temporal Fenestra

Answer 16

Synapsid

Question 17

Two Temporal Fenestra

Answer 17

Diapsid

Question 18

Muscle that passes under the Zygomatic Arch

Answer 18

Temporalis Muscle

Question 19

Bone that passes under the eye socket

Answer 19

Zygomatic Arch

Question 20

Part of skeleton that consists of bones of the head, trunk and vertebrae

Answer 20

Axial Skeleton

Question 21

No Temporal Fenestra

Answer 21

Anapsid Skull

Question 22

the name of the gap between the incisors and the premolars?

Answer 22

Diastema

Question 23

The bone that forms the mandible

Answer 23

Dentary Bone

Question 24

Comprises of Pelvic and Pectoral Girdles

Answer 24

Appendicular skeleton

Question 25

Two sets of teeth

Answer 25

Diphyodont Teeth

Question 26

Teeth constantly replaced

Answer 26

Polyphyodont Teeth

Question 27

Having different kinds of teeth (Carnivores, herbivores)

Answer 27

Heterodont Teeth

Question 28

Genus

Answer 28

What taxonomic level is represented by the bolded terms on the right-hand side between 4. and 14.

Question 29

Teeth continually grow (Herbivore)

Answer 29

Hypsodont Teeth

Question 30

Teeth don’t continually grow

Answer 30

Brachyodont Teeth

Question 31

External Body Heat

Answer 31

Ectotherm

Question 32

Internal Body Heat

Answer 32

Endotherm