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Laboratory Safety - part 2 > Lab Safety Part Two, Test 1 > Flashcards

Lab Safety Part Two, Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are a group of tests called?

A

Profiles

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2
Q

What order do you draw blood?

A

1) Blood culture (aerobic, then anaerobic
2) Light blue tube
3) Yellow SST (or plain red or tiger top)
4) Green tube
5) Lavender tube
6) Grey tube

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3
Q

Do you need to fast for a glucose test?

A

Yes, for 8-10 hours prior

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4
Q

What specimen is required for a glucose test?

A

Plasma

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5
Q

What do you get when you centrifuge a glucose specimen?

A

Plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells

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6
Q

What is the anticoagulant in grey tubes?

A

Potassium Oxalate

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7
Q

What’s the preservative in grey tubes? What does it do?

A

Sodium Fluoride

Prevents glycolysis

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8
Q

How many times does this tube need to be inverted?

A

8-10 times

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9
Q

What other tests are performed with the lavender tube?

A

GTT, Blood Alcohol, FBS, RBS

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10
Q

Hba1C - what does it stand for and what is the test for?

A

Hemoglobin A1C, monitors sugar level of patient for 3 months

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11
Q

Is Hba1C a fasting specimen?

A

No

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12
Q

True or false? Whole blood is not required for Hba1C

A

False, it is required

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13
Q

What is the anticoagulant in the lavender tube?

A

EDTA

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14
Q

Why is EDTA the best anticoagulant for this tube?

A

Because it produces less shrinkage of RBCs

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15
Q

How many times do you invert lavender tubes?

A

8-10 times

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16
Q

What does TSH stand for?

A

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

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17
Q

What are sodium + potassium + chloride?

A

Electrolytes

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18
Q

True or false: albumin is the most abundant protein produced by the liver, making up 60% of the total proteins in the body?

A

True!

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19
Q

What tubes are used for Uric Acid, TSH, Creatinine eGFR, Electrolytes, ALT, Bilirubin, Albumin tests?

A

SST, plain red, or tiger tops

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20
Q

Do SST tubes have anticoagulant inside?

A

No, just a gel

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21
Q

When SST tubes are drawn, do we invert them right away? How many times?

A

Yes, invert the tubes 5 times

22
Q

What do you do with SST tubes after you’ve inverted them?

A

Put them in a vertical position on the rack for 30-45 minutes, then you centrifuge them

23
Q

How many layers do you get when you centrifuge tiger top tubes?

A

Two layers: Serum and clotted blood

24
Q

What specimen is required for yellow SST tubes?

A

Serum

25
Q

What are they testing for in Lipid Profile?

A

Cholesterol
Triglycerides
HDL (high density lipoprotein)
LDL (low density)

26
Q

Do you need to fast for a lipid profile?

A

Yes

27
Q

What is the main difference between plasma and serum?

A

Plasma contains the clotting factor; Fibrinogen and serum does not

28
Q

What is the magic number in venipuncture?

A

2.5

29
Q

If a physician is asking for 4 ml of serum, how will you choose the right blood tube size to get this amount?

A

Multiply 4 by 2.5 - use a 10 ml tube

30
Q

What color tubes is blood drawn into for coagulation tests?

A

Light blue

31
Q

What specimen is required for light blue tubes?

A

Plasma

32
Q

How many times should light blue tubes be inverted?

A

4-5 times

33
Q

What is the ratio of blood to anticoagulant in light blue tubes?

A

9:1

34
Q

List some things they test for in the immunology department

A

Antigens
Pre-Natal Antibodies
Mono
RA

35
Q

What tubes are used in immunology department?

A

SST

36
Q

What anticoagulant is used in green tubes?

A

Heparin

37
Q

Heparin is in….. and in…..

A

Invivo (in living body) and invitro (in the glass)

38
Q

How many times should green tube be inverted?

A

8-10 times

39
Q

What anticoagulant do Royal Blue tubes use?

A

EDTA

40
Q

What is the purpose of lab testing?

A

To be able to diagnose

To regulate treatment

41
Q

Define:
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

A

Arteries - carry oxygen rich blood from heart to organs
Veins - Carry oxygen-poor blood back to heart
Capillaries - Connect arteries to veins and carry blood from every cell in the body

42
Q

What veins are the first choice for venipuncture?

A

Median Cubital Vein

43
Q

What’s the second choice for venipuncture?

A

Cephalic/Basilic vein

44
Q

How long should the tourniquet be applied for?

A

No more than 1 minute

45
Q

Where should the tourniquet be applied?

A

3-4 inches above venipuncture site

46
Q

What is venus reflux?

A

when blood flows back into the vein

47
Q

What is the best needle range gauge?

A

21-23 inches

48
Q

What angle should you insert the needle?

A

15-30 degrees

49
Q

What happens if the needle is inserted less than 15 degrees?

A

It will not puncture the vein but instead, will go above the vein

50
Q

What happens if the needle angle is more than 30 degrees?

A

The needle will go through the vein, into the cells and tissues

51
Q

What’s a hematoma?

A

bruise

52
Q

Define hemolysis

A

Breakdown of red blood cells

Laboratory Safety - part 2 (1 decks)

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