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Anatomy LAB > Lab Quiz 5 > Flashcards

Lab Quiz 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Information about the environmental stimuli is received by a sensory receptor and then converted to action potentials that are sent to the brain

A

Sensation

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2
Q

The brain receiving and interpreting the action potentials such that we are consciously aware of the sensation

A

Perception

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3
Q

Detects stimuli from outside the body

A

Exteroceptor

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4
Q

Detects stimuli from inside the body

A

Interoceptor

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5
Q

A sensory receptor that responds to mechanical stimuli such as touch, pressure and vibration

A

Mechanoreceptor

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6
Q

A sensory receptor found in muscle, joint, and tendon tissue that detects changes in body position or movement

A

Proprioceptors

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7
Q

A sensory receptor that responds to changes in temperature

A

Thermoreceptors

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8
Q

A sensory receptor that detects light or changes in light, found only in the eyes

A

Photoreceptors

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9
Q

A sensory receptor that responds to chemicals in solution

A

Chemoreceptor

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10
Q

A sensory receptor that responds to stimuli that is harmful to the body

A

Nociceptors

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11
Q

What are the 3 components of a reflex arc

A

Receptor, integration center, effector organ

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12
Q

Integrated information that is carried through an effector organ

A

Motor response

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13
Q

For something to require no experience or learning

A

Intrinsic

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14
Q

Very rapid movement of skeletal muscle tissue. The integration center is the spinal cord

A

Spinal reflex arc

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15
Q

The open space at the center of the iris

A

Pupil

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16
Q

The colored portion of the eye that allows light to enter the eye and strike the retina

A

Iris

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17
Q

When the ________ contracts, it causes the pupil to become wider

A

Dilator pupillae muscle

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18
Q

When the _______ contracts, it causes the pupil to become narrower

A

Sphincter pupillae muscle

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19
Q

A type of reflex where the stimulus is applied to only one side of the body but the response is observed on both sides of the body

A

Consensual reflex

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20
Q

A response that allows the eye to focus on objects at different distances

A

Accommodation Reflex

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21
Q

A structure inside the eye that helps to focus light directly on the retina by bending light as it enters the eye, allowing for clear vision

A

Lens

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22
Q

The size of a pupil changes according to the distance of an object

A

Pupil accommodation

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23
Q

The lens can change shape to change the ability to refract light

A

Lens accommodation

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24
Q

A term meaning “Bend”

A

Refract

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25
Q

The ability to refract light onto the lens depending on how round the lens is

A

Refractory power

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26
Q

What happens when a person is looking at something close?

A

Light will be scattered as it enters the eye, the refractory power will increase to bend the light so it’s not as scattered when it hits the retina.

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27
Q

Both eyes moving or pointing inward to focus on an object

A

Converge

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28
Q

Patellar tendon just below to the patella is stretched when it is tapped by a reflex hammer

A

Knee-jerk reflex

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29
Q

Alters the patellar reflex by forcing the individual to focus their attention somewhere else in the body, rather than thinking about the reflex being performed on them.

A

Jendrassik’s maneuver

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30
Q

Reflex that occurs when the Achilles tendon on the back of the ankle is tapped

A

Ankle-jerk reflex

31
Q

Relaxation of a muscle important for tendon reflexes

A

Antagonistic muscle

32
Q

What is the general rule with a muscle and its antagonist

A

As a muscle contracts, its antagonist stretches so the muscle can contract smoothly

33
Q

To examine by touch

A

Palpate

34
Q

A response meditated by the sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight) in response to pain

A

Ciliospinal reflex

35
Q

Protects the sole of the foot when a painful stimulus is applied at the sole

A

Plantar reflex

36
Q

A response to stimulating the sole of the foot, where the big toe moves upward and the other toes fan out

A

Babinski reflex

37
Q

Toes bending downward in a movement

A

Plantar flexion

38
Q

Big toe pointing upward in a motion

A

Dorsiflexion

39
Q

Three fluid-filled tubes in the inner ear that contribute to balance and equilibrium

A

Semicircular canals

40
Q

When stimulated, the semicircular canals cause a reflexive movement of the eyes called…

A

Nystagmus

41
Q

The canal that is simulated by forward and backward head movements

A

Anterior semicircular canal

42
Q

Canal simulated by movement causing the head to tilt to the side

A

Posterior semicircular canal

43
Q

Canal stimulated by movement where the head spins or moves side-side

A

Lateral semicircular canal

44
Q

Fast movement of the eye that brings it back to the center

A

Fast phase nystagmus

45
Q

Causes the eye to drift away from the target

A

Slow phase nystagmus

46
Q

Can be observed during movement when the fluid in the semicircular canal moves, stimulating receptors in the inner ear

A

Rotary nystagmus

47
Q

The eyes continue to move more reflexively after movement has stopped

A

Post-rotary nystagmus

48
Q

The ability to maintain the body’s position and posture in relation to our surroundings

A

Spatial orientation

49
Q

Receptors here respond to changes in head position during linear acceleration

A

Inner ear

50
Q

This sensory receptor monitors information such as joint position and stretch.. information concerning the movement and position of our body parts

A

Proprioceptors

51
Q

Receptors in the eyes that provide visual information to the brain

A

Photoreceptors

52
Q

How is a mechanoreceptor stimulated

A

By physical deformation of the receptor

53
Q

The smaller the receptive area…

A

The more sensitive the skin will be to touch

54
Q

The smallest distance at which two points of contact can be felt

A

Two-point threshold

55
Q

Conscious awareness of the stimulus will decline or is lost

A

Sensory adaptation

56
Q

Damage to structures from the tympanic membrane to the auditory ossicles

A

Conduction deafness

57
Q

Damage to what structures prevents transmission of sound to the inner ear?

A

Malleus, incus, stapes

58
Q

A form of deafness that occurs when the auditory nerve or brain is damaged such that action potentials relating to sound are either not produced or cannot be interpreted

A

Nerve deafness

59
Q

The closest point at which an object can be placed from the face and still form a focused image within the eye’s accommodation range

A

Near point

60
Q

Loss of near focusing ability

A

Presbyopia

61
Q

The “blind spot”, an area at the back of the eye on the retina where there are no photoreceptors for visual reception

A

Optic disc

62
Q

The sharpness of vision

A

Visual acuity

63
Q

What test is used to measure visual acuity that uses a chart of letters?

A

Snellen Test

64
Q

Nearsightedness, the eyeball is misshapen that light cannot focus on the retina. Can see objects up close but not from afar

A

Myopia

65
Q

Farsightedness, individuals see objects far away but not objects close up

A

Hyperopia

66
Q

What allows for color vision

A

Cone

67
Q

What type of cones do we have

A

Red, green and blue

68
Q

What was the theory of trichromatic color vision

A

Young-Helmholtz theory of Color Vision

69
Q

What is colorblindness a result of

A

Lack of a particular gene on an X chromosome

70
Q

Who has a higher likelihood of being color blind

A

Individuals with XY chromosomes

71
Q

What is the most common type of color blindness

A

Red-green color blindness

72
Q

What happens if an individual lacks red or green cones

A

If they lack red cones they will perceive red as green. If they lack green cones they will perceive green as red

73
Q

How is testing for colorblindness achieved

A

Ishihara Test

Anatomy LAB (3 decks)

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