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bio 210 > lab quiz 1 > Flashcards

lab quiz 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

acts as a “cell highway”, transports materials throughout the cell. 2 types: rough ER and smooth ER

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1
Q

Mitochondria

A

The “powerhouse”, produces energy for the cell, creates ATP through cell respiration

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2
Q

Lysosome

A

the “clean up crew” of the cell; destroys used or worn out organelles. Digest foreign invaders

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3
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Controls what enters and exits the cell and protective barrier for the cell

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4
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

“Quality Control”, packages and distributes proteins throughout the cell. (Mail man)

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5
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Substance that is in the cell, that organelles float In, provides protection and support.

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6
Q

Nucleus

A

The “brain” of the cell, contains DNA

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7
Q

membrane that surrounds the lungs

A

Pleura

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8
Q

membrane that surrounds the heart

A

Pericardium

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9
Q

membrane that surrounds the abdomen

A

Peritoneum

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10
Q

Membrane that touches the organ

A

Visceral

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11
Q

Membrane that is on the outside of the cavity (or lines it)

A

Parietal

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12
Q

Dorsal cavities

A

Cranial cavity and Vertebral cavity

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13
Q

Ventral Cavities

A

Thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity,

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14
Q

Thoracic Cavities

A

Mediastinum, Pleural, Pericardial

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15
Q

Abdominopelvic

A

abdominal, pelvic, retroperitoneal

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16
Q

Plane that separates the body into left and right

A

Median/Sagittal plane

17
Q

Plane that separates the body into superior and inferior

A

Transverse/Horizontal Plane

18
Q

Plane that seperates the body into anterior and posterior

A

Frontal/Coronal Plane

19
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

Front or forward

20
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

Back

21
Q

Superior vs. Inferior

A

above/below

22
Q

Cephalad vs. Caudal

A

head/tail

23
Q

proximal vs. distal

A

near/far

24
Q

superficial vs. deep

A

External/internal

25
Q

medial vs. lateral

A

middle/sides

26
Q

anatomical position

A

body erect, feet slightly apart, head and toes pointed forward, arms hanging at sides with palms facing forward.

27
Q

4 abdominal quadrants

A

Right upper quadrant (RUQ), Right lower quadrant (RLQ), Left upper quadrant (LUQ), and Left lower quadrant (LLQ)

28
Q

Abdominopelvic regions

A

right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypogastric region, right lumbar region, umbilical region, left lumbar region, right iliac region, hypogastric region, and left iliac region.

29
Q

what is the cell cycle?

A

the orderly set of stages and sub-stages between one cell division and the next.

30
Q

Interphase

A

Cells grow larger, # of organelles double, and DNA is replicated

31
Q

Prophase

A

Nuclear membrane disintegrates and chromosomes condense

32
Q

Metaphase

A

Sister chromatids line ip along the metaphase plate of the cell. (line down the middle)

33
Q

Anaphase

A

the centromere divides the sister chromatids, the chromatids separate to opposite sides of the cell

34
Q

Telophase

A

New nuclear envelopes form around the daughter cells. (two)

35
Q

Cytokinesis

A

cytoplasm is divided to form 2 daughter cells.

35
Q

Mitosis

A

process where a single cell divides into 2 identical daughter cells. (important in growth and development to our bodies)

36
Q

Passive transport

A

moves compounds down concentration gradient, from high to low, requires no energy, ex. simple diffusion, osmosis, and filtration

37
Q

Active Transport

A

moves compounds against a concentration gradient, from low to high, requires energy and transporters. ex. ion pumps, bulk transport, exocytosis, and endocytosis

38
Q

isotonic

A

solutions have the same osmotic pressure

39
Q

Hypertonic

A

solutions have higher osmotic pressure & are usually osmotically active (water leaves the cell causing it to shrink)

40
Q

Hypotonic

A

have lower osmotic pressure (water enters the cell causing it to swell)

bio 210 (1 decks)

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